MARYVILLE NURS 623 EXAM 2

What is alopecia areata? - scalp hair loss occurring in patches. It is typically temporary. What is androgenetic alopecia? - scalp hair loss over the entire scalp. Also known as male pattern baldness. What are the most important hair growth factors? - they are the androgens, testosterone,and its active metabolite, dihydrotestosterone. What effect do androgens have on the hair follicles of the scalp region? - they cause a dcrease in the siaze of the hair follicles (miniaturization) and can alter the hairline on the bitemporal region and the vortex areas. What is the first cycle of hair growth? - the growth phase (anagen) is the longest and lasts from 2-6 years. What is the second cycle of hair growth? - the latent, or involution, phase (catagen) is the shortest cycle, which lasts 2-3 weeks. What is the third cycle of hair growth? - the resting phase (telogen) lasts from 2 to 3 months. What is the fourth cycle of hair growth? - exogen is the fourth phase and is the shedding of hair. Fifty to 150 hairs are lost daily. What percentage of women develop androgenetic alopecia (AGA) before menopause and how many postmenopausally? - thirteen percent before and 75% after. What is cicatricial alopecia? - scarring alopecia. It causes permanent hair loss. Is nonscarring (noncicatricial alopecia) temporary or permanent? - it can be both. What considerations are made when collecting an H&P regarding hair loss? - family hx, patient's medication, exposure to fungus or bacteria. Explain the telogen count. - 100 hairs are removed from differenct areas of the scalp and the number of hairs in telogen is counted. How do you identify a telogen hair? - the large white club on the end of each hair. What does the scalp look like in nonscarring alopecia? - normal texture and color. What does the scalp look like in patients with scarring alopecia? - no visible hair follicles, hypopigmentation or hyperpigmented, obvious scarring is present, or erythem and scaling. Can also look for fine pitting of the dorsal nail plate (hammered brass). What are some nonsystemic causes of nonscarring alopecia? - trichotillomania, excessive traction on the hair, radiation therapy, local bacterial infection, and local fungal infection. What are some systemic causes of nonscarring alopecia? - alopecia areata, telogen