NREMT Paramedic Drugs Questions and Answers Graded A+

NREMT Paramedic Drugs Questions and Answers Graded A+ ACETAMINOPHEN Class: Anti-pyretic Indications: Fever Contraindications: Liver failure; hypersensitivity; exceed max dose Side effects: Liver toxicity Adult Dose: 1 g q 6 hours; max 4 g in 24 hours Pediatric Dose: 15 mg/kg q 6 hours Special info: Tylenol ADENOSINE TRADE NAME: Adenocard CLASS: Antiarrhythmic ACTIONS: Slows (decreases) AV conduction INDICATIONS: Symptomatic PSVT, including Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW) PHARMACOKINETICS: Onset: 20 - 35 seconds Peak Effect: 20 - 35 seconds Duration: 30 - 120 seconds Half Life: 10 seconds CONTRAINDICATIONS: Second or third degree heart block, sick-sinus syndrome, known hypersensitivity to the drug, dysrhythmias other than PSVT, reactive airway diseases like asthmea. PRECAUTIONS: Arrhythmias, including blocks, are common at the time of cardioversion. Use with caution in patients with asthma. SIDE EFFECTS: CNS: Dizziness, near syncope, syncope CV: PVCs, PACs, sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, AV blocks, chest pain, facial flushing, headache Resp: SOB, bronchoconstriction GI/GU: Nausea DOSAGE: ADULT: 6 mg rapid IV bolus over 1-2s; after 1-2 minutes, 12-mg dose over 1-2 seconds. PEDIATRIC: Initial dose: 0.1mg/kg; max 1st does = 6mg; Rapid IV bolus w/5cc flush ROUTES: IV with 20cc flush ALBUTEROL TRADE NAME: Proventil, Ventolin CLASS: Sympathetic Agonist DESCRIPTION: Sympathomimetic bronchodilator selective for β2 adrenergic receptors ACTIONS: Selective direct acting β2 agonist INDICATIONS: Bronchial asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, allergic bronchospasm, or other reversible bronchospasm PHARMACOKINETICS: Onset: 5 - 15 minutes Peak Effect: 1 - 1.5 hours Duration: 3 - 6 hours Half Life: 3 hours CONTRAINDICATIONS: Know hypersensitivity to Albuterol. SIDE EFFECTS: CNS: Tremor, anxiety, dizziness, seizure CV: Headache, palpations, HTN, tachycardia, chest pain Resp: Bronchospasm (paradoxical effect) GI/GU: Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth DOSAGE For patients in emergency setting: ADULT: Nebulizer: 2.5mg in 3cc normal saline or 5mg in 6cc normal saline via HHN over 5 - 15 min. Repeat 10-20 min. prn, maximum 10mg/hr (4 treatments) MDI- 1-2 inhalations (90mcg each) many repeat every 15 minutes prn. PEDIATRIC: 0.15 mg/kg in 2.5-3.0 ml NS via HHN. Repeat prn. ROUTES: Nebulizer, metered-dose inhaler (MDI) PACKAGED: Premixed unit dose of 2.5mg in 2.5ml NS. AMIODARONE TRADE NAME: Cordarone, Pacerone CLASS: Antiarrhythmic ACTIONS: Prolongs action potential and refractory period. Slows the sinus rate; Increases PR and QT intervals. Decreases Peripheral vascular resistance. INDICATIONS: Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias such as ventriculartachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. PHARMACOKINETICS: Onset: 2 minutes IV. Oral: 2-3 days Peak Effect: