NHM 201 16/17/18/19 all graded A

early adulthood 20 to 39 years old independence nutrition for the kids sake midlife 40 to 64 years old family responsibilities 00:00 01:39 Sandwich generation 50s multigenerational caregivers heath concerns added later adulthood 65 years old retirement more leisure time 10 leading causes of death that can be reduced by lifestyle factors cancer heart disease stroke diabetes liver disease physiological changes of adulthood growing stops by the 20s bone density continues until 30 muscular strength peaks around 25 to 30 decline in size and mass of muscle and increase in body fat dexterity and flexibility decline hormonal and climacteric changes in adulthood women decline of estrogen (menopause) increase in abdominal fat increase in risk of cardiovascular disease and accelerated loss of bone mass hormonal and climacteric changes in adulthood men gradual decline in testosterone level and muscle mass body composition changes in adults bone loss begins @ 40 positive energy balance resulting in increase in weight and adiposity; decrease in muscle mass fat redistribution fat redistribution gains in ab/central; decrease in subcutaneous increased risk of chronic disease hypertension insulin resistance diabetes stroke gallbladder disease coronary artery disease indirect calorimetry measurement of heat given off and utilized for the body's metabolic processes determines resting energy expenditure respiratory quotient (CO2 / O2) is used to estimate 24 hour energy expenditure Mifflin St. Jeor Energy Estimation Formula Males= (10 x wt) + (6.25 x ht) ~ (5 x age) + 5 females= (10xwt) + (6.25xht) ~ (5xage) ~ 161 ballpark caloric levels weight maintenance= 15 cals per lb weight loss= 13 cals per lb weight gain= 17 cals per lb acceptable macro distribution ranges fat = 20 to 35% of cals carbs= 45 to 65% of cals protein= 10 to 35% of cals alcohol 61% of US adults drink alcohol highest rate is among those ages 25 to 44 adults needs variety of healthful foods knowledge to guide food choices positive attitude about food and eating balance with disciple effects of obesity adipocytes can lead to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance low self esteem and depression, discrimination, and social stigma shorter life expectancy etiology of obesity loss of appetite control due to disturbances in hormonal controls of hunger and satiety psychological, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and cultural factors environmental factors