PHTLS 9th Edition. Self-test Graded A+

A 30 year old male is injured in a terror bombing. He experiences traumatic amputation of his left leg at knee level. An improvised tourniquet was put in place by bystanders. The victim is conscious and in severe pain. You first action should be to do which of the following? - ANSWER-Confirm the tourniquet was properly applied. Which of the following information is assessed during the secondary survey? - ANSWER-vitals When caring for a trauma patient a principle is what is necessary for patient improvement or survival. A preference is how the principle is achieved and depends upon four factors. The factors used to accomplish the preference in treating the patient include all except: a. Condition of the patient b. Equipment available c. Situation that exists d. Research information - ANSWER-When caring for a trauma patient a principle is what is necessary for patient improvement or survival. A preference is how the principle is achieved and depends upon four factors. The factors used to accomplish the preference in treating the patient include all except: a. Condition of the patient b. Equipment available c. Situation that exists *d. Research information* Approximately 20% of all child abuse is the result of intentional burning. The majority of the children intentionally burned are of what age? a. 0 to 12 years of age b. 5 to 6 years of age c. 1 to 2 years of age d. Less than 1 year of age - ANSWER-Approximately 20% of all child abuse is the result of intentional burning. The majority of the children intentionally burned are of what age? a. 0 to 12 years of age b. 5 to 6 years of age *c. 1 to 2 years of age* d. Less than 1 year of age In addition to glucose, what is required to maintain the metabolic processes of life and energy production? a. Carbon monoxide b. Krebs cells c. Lymphocytes d. Oxygen - ANSWER-In addition to glucose, what is required to maintain the metabolic processes of life and energy production? a. Carbon monoxide b. Krebs cells c. Lymphocytes *d. Oxygen* You respond to a patient who has sustained a stab wound to the left upper thorax. She is barely responsive, pale and diaphoretic. Which of the following is the most appropriate for transport? a. Stair chair b. Long board with full spine immobilization c. Scoop stretcher d. Short immobilization device - ANSWER-You respond to a patient who has sustained a stab wound to the left upper thorax. She is barely responsive, pale and diaphoretic. Which of the following is the most appropriate for transport? a. Stair chair b. Long board with full spine immobilization *c. Scoop stretcher* d. Short immobilization device Units responding to a motor vehicle accident on the highway should consider which of the following as part of their pre-arrival assessment? a. Calling for more units to respond b. Weather conditions c. The need for immediate transport d. Post-exposure prophylaxis - ANSWER-Units responding to a motor vehicle accident on the highway should consider which of the following as part of their pre-arrival assessment? a. Calling for more units to respond *b. Weather conditions* c. The need for immediate transport d. Post-exposure prophylaxis The most appropriate airway maneuver in the initial management of a trauma patient is which of the following? a. Head tilt, chin lift b. Supraglottic airway c. Trauma jaw thrust d. Oropharyngeal airway - ANSWER-The most appropriate airway maneuver in the initial management of a trauma patient is which of the following? a. Head tilt, chin lift b. Supraglottic airway *c. Trauma jaw thrust* d. Oropharyngeal airway When verifying ET tube placement on a perfusing patient, the "gold standard" of monitoring is considered to be? a. Colorimetric carbon dioxide detector b. Pulse oximetry c. Listening to lung sounds d. EtCO2 - ANSWER-When verifying ET tube placement on a perfusing patient, the "gold standard" of monitoring is considered to be? a. Colorimetric carbon dioxide detector b. Pulse oximetry c. Listening to lung sounds *d. EtCO2* A patient presents with a blunt trauma injury to the chest. On exam, he has absent breath sounds on one side of his chest and respiratory distress. Which additional sign would indicate that the patient has a tension pneumothorax? a. Distended neck veins b. Muffled heart sounds c. Narrowed pulse pressure d. Tracheal deviation towards the side of injury - ANSWER-A patient presents with a blunt trauma injury to the chest. On exam, he has absent breath sounds on one side of his chest and respiratory distress. Which additional sign would indicate that the patient has a tension pneumothorax? *a. Distended neck veins* b. Muffled heart sounds c. Narrowed pulse pressure d. Tracheal deviation away from the side of injury Hemostatic agents should be used for excessive bleeding when direct pressure alone does not work. The proper way to use most hemostatic agents is which of the following? a. Placing the agent around the edges of the wound b. Placing the agent properly into the wound and holding direct pressure c. Only using it after a tourniquet has been applied for 10 minutes d. Hemostatic agents should never be used unless you have a fall in blood pressure - ANSWER-Hemostatic agents should be used for excessive bleeding when direct pressure alone does not work. The proper way to use most hemostatic agents is which of the following? a. Placing the agent around the edges of the wound *b. Placing the agent properly into the wound and holding direct pressure* c. Only using it after a tourniquet has been applied for 10 minutes d. Hemostatic agents should never be used unless you have a fall in blood pressure Of the following, which is a preventable cause of secondary brain injury? a. Cerebral edema b. Systemic hypoxia c. Intracranial hematomas d. Herniation syndromes - ANSWER-Of the following, which is a preventable cause of secondary brain injury? a. Cerebral edema *b. Systemic hypoxia* c. Intracranial hematomas d. Herniation syndromes You are called to treat a patient who was knocked unconscious when he slipped and fell on a wet floor, striking his head. It is now several hours later. He is awake but confused, does not recall the incident and is vomiting with a headache. Which of the following injuries is most likely? a. Brain herniation b. Intracranial hemorrhage c. Diffuse axonal injury d. Concussion - ANSWER-You are called to treat a patient who was knocked unconscious when he slipped and fell on a wet floor, striking his head. It is now several hours later. He is awake but confused, does not recall the incident and is vomiting with a headache. Which of the following injuries is most likely? a. Brain herniation b. Intracranial hemorrhage c. Diffuse axonal injury *d. Concussion* When using a selective spinal immobilization protocol, which of the following findings indicate the need for immobilization? a. Past history of spinal injury b. Being an unrestrained passenger in a motor vehicle crash c. Being ambulatory at the scene d. An associated femoral shaft fracture with severe pain - ANSWER-When using a selective spinal immobilization protocol, which of the following findings indicate the need for immobilization? a. Past history of spinal injury b. Being an unrestrained passenger in a motor vehicle crash c. Being ambulatory at the scene *d. An associated femoral shaft fracture with severe pain* In a blast-related multiple patient situation, which of the following patients should be treated first? a. A 33-year-old female with altered level of consciousness and decreased capillary refill b. A 28-year-old male with an arm amputation who has bleeding controlled with a tourniquet c. A 14-year-old pulseless female with grey matter visible from a head wound d. A 78-year-old male awake and unable to hear - ANSWER-In a blast-related multiple patient situation, which of the following patients should be treated first? *a. A 33-year-old female with altered level of consciousness and decreased capillary refill* b. A 28-year-old male with an arm amputation who has bleeding controlled with a tourniquet c. A 14-year-old pulseless female with grey matter visible from a head wound d. A 78-year-old male awake and unable to hear Excessive fluid resuscitation of the trauma patient can result in which of the following? a. Increased blood loss b. Decreased mortality c. Earlier discharge from the hospital d. A higher incidence of sepsis in the ICU - ANSWER-Excessive fluid resuscitation of the trauma patient can result in which of the following? *a. Increased blood loss* b. Decreased mortality c. Earlier discharge from the hospital d. A higher incidence of sepsis in the ICU The secondary survey should be accomplished: a. Never on a critical patient b. Before transport c. When time and Situation allow d. Before moving the patient - ANSWER-The secondary survey should be accomplished: a. Never on a critical patient b. Before transport *c. When time and Situation allow* d. Before moving the patient When approaching a trauma patient, what is the first assessment that must be made? a. Circulation b. Scene safety c. Airway d. Breathing - ANSWER-When approaching a trauma patient, what is the first assessment that must be made? a. Circulation *b. Scene safety* c. Airway d. Breathing The most common type of shock resulting from trauma is? a. Neurogenic b. Septic c. Spinal d. Hemorrhagic - ANSWER-The most common type of shock resulting from trauma is? a. Neurogenic b. Septic c. Spinal *d. Hemorrhagic*