DSM 5 Review Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, rated A+

DSM 5 Review Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, rated A+ ADHD symptoms must occur before age ? - -DSM-5, symptoms of ADHD must be present before age 12 Children with ? exhibit difficulties in language, both verbal and nonverbal, or with social interactions. - -Autism Spectrum Disorder Encopresis occurs when - -an individual has bowel movements unexpectedly A 12 year (with no prior history of symptoms) is exhibiting symptoms such as difficulty following instructions and avoiding reading and writing.. what would be the diagnosis? - -learning disorder would be the most likely initial diagnoses Tourette's syndrome is a disorder - -repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics which are seen in the stem through the barking noises, blinking, and jerking of arm. Stereotypic Movement Disorder the repetitive movements generally start at ange younger than ?? - -5 Difference between Stereotypic Movement Disorder and tourettes? - -movements last longer than tics would Enuresis can be diagnosed when an individual is at least ? years old and is unintentionally urinating how often and for how long? - -five years old, twice a week, generally for about 3 months. a consistent failure to speak in social situations despite speaking in other environments would what diagnosis? - -Selective Mutism client has been experiencing psychotic symptoms for less than six months (in this case 4 months). What diagnosis? - -Schizophreniform Disorder, An individual cannot be diagnosed with Schizophrenia unless they have been experiencing symptoms for more than? - -6 months, Brief Psychotic Disorder must last at least ? but not longer than ? - -last for at least one day, but no longer than a month During an assessment, a therapist in a medical clinic finds that a patient has a decrease in libido, difficulty sleeping, and feelings of hopelessness for the last month. The MOST likely diagnosis in this case is: A. Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder B. Persistent Depressive Disorder C. Major Depressive Disorder d. adjustment disorder - -A is incorrect because other mood disorders would need to be ruled out first before Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder could be diagnosed. B is incorrect because an individual with Persistent Depressive Disorder has to be experiencing depressive symptoms more days than not for at least two years for an adult, and one year for a child. Since the individual has only been experiencing symptoms for a month B is incorrect. Adjustment Disorder is incorrect because the stem does not state that any identifiable stressors that would cause these symptoms to occur. Therefore, C is the best answer because the symptoms reported, including a decrease in libido, difficulty sleeping, and feelings of hopelessness are all indicative of Major Depression. persistent depressive disorder vs major depression - -has to be experiencing depressive symptoms more days than not for at least 2 years for an adult, Only 1 year for a child. Which disorder would be the next best option if Bereavement disorder is not an option for this scenario below? A 62-year-old woman presents for treatment five weeks after the death of her beloved cat. Prior to this incident, she worked full time and enjoyed many hobbies. Since then, she has stayed at home and isolated herself, stating that she cries all the time. What initial diagnosis should the therapist make? - -the woman is experiencing symptoms such as isolation and feeling tearful all the time for more than two weeks that are indicative of Major Depression. A 45-year-old married mother of two self-refers to a therapist in private practice. She reports a strong desire to return to the workforce now that her children are in high school but reports that she's been cancelling her scheduled interviews due to panic and fear that she will embarrass herself during the interview. What is the MOST likely diagnosis? - -Social Anxiety Disorder the client is reporting that is specifically related to being self-conscious and anxious in front of others to the point that it gets in the way of doing things. The client is diagnosed with what after reporting trauma symptoms after the death of her brother occurred two months ago during their journey to the US. - -PTSD- Acute Stress Disorder is incorrect because it can only be diagnosed if the symptoms occur within one month of the traumatic event. All of the following are associated with a diagnosis of Illness Anxiety Disorder EXCEPT: A. "Doctor shopping" behavior in which the client goes from provider to provider, believing he is not getting proper medical care. Should have chosen B. A preoccupation with physical symptoms that is of delusional intensity. C. Failure to have actual medical conditions diagnosed. Incorrect D. A willingness to consider the possibility that no serious disease actually exists. - -Rationale: A, C, and D are all components of Illness Anxiety Disorder. B is the correct answer because while individuals with Illness Anxiety Disorder have a preoccupation with physical symptoms they are NOT of delusional intensity. the client has intrusive or preoccupying thoughts regarding an imagined or slight defect on her body...which diagnosis? - -Body Dysmorphic Disorder the client is "healthy looking girl" bingeing several times a day and then vomiting in order avoid gaining weight....which diagnosis? - -Bulimia Nervosa According to the DSM 5, for Substance Use Disorder to be in Sustained Full Remission, the length of the absence of the symptoms must be: - -D. One year Rationale: For an individual to be diagnosed with a Substance Use Disorder in Sustained Full Remission, all symptom must be absent for at least one year. A college student self-refers to the campus mental health center. She reports that for the last year, she's been irritable and arguing more with her sorority sisters; plus, her grades have dropped dramatically. She also reports losing weight due to decreased appetite. The client is MOST likely exhibiting: A. Substance-Induced Mood Disorder B. Adjustment Disorder With Depressed Mood C. Major Depressive Disorder D. Persistent Depressive Disorder - -Rationale: A is incorrect because the client does not report any substance use. B is incorrect because the stem does not state any recent events or stressors that the client would be reacting to. D is incorrect because the client's symptoms have been going on for only a year, and for an adult they would need to exist for at least two years for D to be diagnosed. Therefore, C is correct because the client is reporting symptoms that go along with a diagnosis of Major Depression such as irritability, a drop in grades, and a decreased appetite. A 32-year-old successful computer programmer seeks the services of a therapist in private practice. He tells the therapist that he believes he will soon be promoted and asked to advise the company board on strategic policy but is concerned that his supervisor will somehow sabotage his promotion. He goes on to say that his supervisor has even inserted mistakes into his programs in order to discredit him with management. He tells the therapist that he has important contributions to make for the company and desperately needs advice. He adds, "This kind of thing has been happening to me my whole life." The client's provisional diagnosis is MOST likely: A. Narcissistic Personality Disorder B. Paranoid Personality Disorder C. Delusional Disorder D. Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type - -Rationale: B is the best answer here because the client is reporting nondelusional paranoia and an expectation of being exploited when he states that he believes his supervisor will sabotage his promotion and that he is being discredited by his supervisor. A is incorrect because the client does not have a sense of entitlement, grandiosity, or a belief that he is special or unique which is needed for a Narcissistic Personality DIsorder diagnosis. C is incorrect because this cannot be diagnosed until a personality disorder has been ruled out first. D is incorrect because the client is not displaying other symptoms of schizophrenia. A client is admitted to an inpatient unit for symptoms including paranoid delusions, tangential thought process, and flat affect. The treatment team believes that this may be an initial psychotic break that will eventually lead to a diagnosis of Schizophrenia. What age range is the client MOST likely in? - -Rationale: Symptoms of Schizophrenia most commonly occur within the age range of 17-45. A school therapist is asked to evaluate a 10-year-old female student who has been exhibiting irritability, low self-esteem, and distractibility for the last year. What is the MOST likely diagnosis in this case? - -the client has been displaying symptoms of depression such as irritability, low self-esteem, and distractibility for the last year. A child can be diagnosed with Persistent Depressive Disorder after they have been displaying symptoms for a year, whereas an adult can be diagnosed after they have been displaying symptoms for two years. Therefore C is correct. A 66-year-old man is brought to therapy by his wife, who states that her husband has gotten lost several times in the past month and often appears to not know where he is. She notes that when she finds him, he tells her a story about where he's been, but she knows he isn't telling the truth because the details don't line up. She adds that he has also been crying a lot recently. What is the MOST likely diagnosis in this case? - -A. Major Neurocognitive Disorder Rationale: The symptoms point to a Neurocognitive Disorder. The therapist should refer the patient to a neurologist. The biggest differential between an individual with Schizoid Personality Disorder versus one with Avoidant personality disorder is has a detachment from social relationships, they actually prefer to be alone. - -Schizoid has a detachment from social relationships and they actually prefer to be alone. while avoidant Personality Disorder express a fear of being ridiculed, poor self-image, a preoccupation with being criticized, loneliness, and social isolation. Despite this, they have a strong desire for social relationships, but find it difficult to take that personal risk. A school therapist receives a referral from one of the third grade teachers. The teacher complains that the child will not sit in his seat, interrupts his peers, does not finish assigned work, and has difficulty making friends. A developmental history from the parents indicates that the child has been impulsive since preschool and that he has difficulty following directions. According to the DSM 5 classification, the diagnosis will MOST likely be: - -Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder All of the following are associated with a diagnosis of Mild/Major Neurocognitive Disorder of the Alzheimer's Type EXCEPT: A. Aphasia B. Echolalia C. Memory Impairment D. Apraxia - -Rationale: Echolalia is when an individual repeats words uncontrollably that are made by another person. This is commonly seen in other disorders such as Tourette's or Autism Spectrum Disorder. A, C, and D are all associated with a diagnosis of Mild/Major Neurocognitive Disorder of the Alzheimer's type. A clinical therapist is evaluating a friendly, 5-year-old child who has difficulty making friends in school. He is very verbal but has a hard time answering questions about his feelings. He is eager to talk about all the different types of reptiles. What diagnosis is MOST likely? - -Autism Spectrum Disorder Rationale: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder have trouble in three areas including social interaction, communication, and behaviors/interests. These individuals also many times will become heavily interested in knowledgeable in one particular subject. All of these symptoms are displayed in the stem, therefore B is correct Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder have trouble in three areas including - -1) social interaction 2)communication, and 3) behaviors/interests. These individuals also many times will become heavily interested in knowledgeable in one particular subject. A therapist diagnoses a new client with Oppositional Defiant Disorder; according the DSM 5, this person is likely to have all of the following EXCEPT: Obscene language B. Tendency to argue C. Blaming others for one's own mistakes D. Violation of the rights of others - -D is correct because if an individual is violating the rights of others that is a symptom more often seen in an individual diagnosed with Conduct Disorder. Personality Disorder with irrational beliefs, extreme social anxiety, paranoid ideation, and ideas of reference (magical thinking) - -Schizotypal Personality Disorder Ego-syntonic means that an individual views their behaviors, values, and feelings as being...what? - -being acceptable and consistent with one's personality and beliefs. Individuals with Personality Disorders are ego-syntonic because they believe their values and behaviors are acceptable and consistent with their self-concept A 45-year-old man seeks the services of a therapist for work-related stress. He notes in the intake that he is a mail carrier and was recently assigned a new route but cannot get a solid grasp on where he is supposed to go; he has difficulty concentrating and has become lost on several occasions. The therapist notices that he is limping noticeably and appears to tire during the interview. The therapist should FIRST consider: A. Medical or neurological problem B. Mild/Major Neurocognitive Disorder C. Catatonia Due to Another Medical Disorder D. Conversion Disorder - -Rationale: A medical or neurological disorder should be considered FIRST in this question because the client is displaying