DSM-5 disorders questions and answers correctly answered 2023

DSM-5 disorders questions and answers correctly answered 2023Panic Disorder Recurrent/unexpected panic attacks Duration: >1 month - fear of future panic attacks OR - significant change in behavior related to the attacks Panic Attack Intense fear w/ somatic/cognitive symptoms: abrupt onset w/ peak in min - cardiac - sweating - trembling - SOB - choking - chest pain - GI - feeling faint - feeling detached - fear of losing control - fear of dying - tingling/numbness - chills/hot flushes Agoraphobia >2 situations feared/avoided: - using public transportation - being in open spaces - being in enclosed spaces - standing in line/being in a crowd - being outside of home alone Situations are feared/avoided because of thoughts that escape might be difficult/unavailable if incapacitating/embarrassing symptoms develop Can develop w/ or w/o PD Specific Phobia Excessive, persistent and disproportional fear of an object/situation - fear invariably occurs when exposed to the stimulus OR person avoids situation - fear causes marked distress/impairment and NOT accounted by different disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Excessive, persistent and unrealistic fear of social situations involving possible scrutiny by others due to fear of negative evaluation - "Performance only": fear restricted to speaking/performing in public Generalized Anxiety Disorder Persistent uncontrolled anxiety about multiple events for >6 mos w/ symptoms: - restless, on edge - dec conc - muscle tension - fatigued - irritability - insomnia Separation Anxiety Disorder Developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety concerning separation from major attachment figure Experience marked distress (mental/physical): - anticipated/actual separation - harm befalling major attachment figure/self that leads to separation - going out because of separation fears Selective Mutism Refusal to speak in specific situations despite fluent speech in other contexts - Not due to lack of language knowledge/communication disorder Duration: >1 mo Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 1. Recurrent: - obsessions = intrusive recurrent thoughts/urges/images that inc distress - compulsions = repetitive behaviors/mental acts that dec distress 2. Obsessions/compulsions are time consuming or distressful/disruptive 3. Symptoms are not explained by another disorder W/ absent insight (delusional beliefs): convinced that OCD beliefs are true Hoarding Disorder - Difficulty parting w/ possessions due to perceived need to save items or distress about discarding them - Accumulation clutters living areas and substantially compromises their intended use - Causes distress/impairment - NOT better explained by another disorder W/ absent insight (delusional beliefs): beliefs/behaviors are not problematic despite contrary evidence Body Dysmorphic Disorder Preoccupation w/ perceived flaw in physical appearance - not better accounted by an eating disorder - must cause functional impairment Repetitive behaviors/mental acts are performed in response to appearance concerns Specify... - w/ muscle dysphoria: preoccupation w/ belief that one's body is too small/insufficiently muscular - w/ absent insight (delusional beliefs): convinced beliefs are true Excoriation Disorder - Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions - Attempts to stop picking - Results in distress/impairment - ISN'T better explained by another disorder Trichotillomania - Recurrent pulling out of one's hair resulting in hair loss ~ any body region affected ~ episodes vary in frequency, duration, intensity of focus - Attempts to stop hair pulling - Causes distress/impairment - NOT better explained by another disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exposure to traumatic stressor: - actual/threatened death or serious injury or sexual violence - include direct experience of event, witnessing event, or learning about event to close family member/friend >1 symptoms from each category MUST develop --> Intrusion: - dreams - recollections - feeling event reoccur - psychological/physiological distress when encounters symbols Avoidance: avoid thoughts, places, conversations that are reminders of event Negative alterations in cognition and mood: - negative beliefs/expectations - negative emotional states - inability to experience positive emotion - diminished interest/participation in activities - detachment/estrangement from others - dissociative amnesia Alterations in arousal and reactivity: - sleep disturbance - irritable and angry outbursts - reckless/self-destructive behavior - concentration problems - hypervigilance - exaggerated startle response Duration: >1 mo Onset: begin w/in 3 mo of trauma (can begin ANYTIME) Vulnerable populations: young adults w/ sudden-onset, life-threatening medical events