NURS 6521 Week-3 Quiz, NURS 6521 Advanced Pharmacology (Detail Solutions and Resources for the Test)

NURS 6521 Week-3 Quiz, NURS 6521 Advanced Pharmacology (Detail Solutions and Resources for the Test) • • Question 1 An expected outcome for a patient who has just taken sublingual nitroglycerin should be 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Response Feedback : B. increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure. B. increased heart rate and decreased blood pressure. Nitroglycerin relaxes vascular smooth muscle and dilates both arterial and venous vessels. Dilation of veins is more predominant than dilation of arteries, resulting in peripheral pooling of blood and decreased preload. Blood pressure will usually decrease as a result of the venous dilation. Reflex tachycardia usually follows the drop in blood pressure. • Question 2 A nurse is caring for a patient who is diabetic and has been diagnosed 1 out of 1 points with hypertension. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, has been prescribed for her. Which of the following should the nurse assess before beginning drug therapy? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Response Feedback : D. Serum potassium levels D. Serum potassium levels Captopril inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme that is needed to change the inactive angiotensin I to the active form, angiotensin II. This reduction of angiotensin II decreases the secretion of aldosterone, preventing sodium and water retention. This action decreases peripheral vascular resistance and lowers blood pressure. Serum potassium may increase as a result of decreased aldosterone levels. It would be helpful to have a baseline level at the beginning of the drug therapy to monitor the possible effect of hyperkalemia. There is no need to monitor calcium and magnesium levels. While it is important to always know a diabetic's blood glucose level, captopril does not alter the level during therapy.