(Prime care) pharm midterm quiz ½ correct solutions graded A+

(Prime care) pharm midterm quiz ½ correct solutions graded A+An order states that a drug should be administered on an empty stomach. This generally means that the nurse should give the drug when? One hour before or 2 hours after a meal The drug allergy reaction that produces a life threatening reaction that can lead to bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, respiratory distress and a drop in blood pressure is: Anaphylactic reaction that is treated with Epinephrine The nurse should expect cholinergic drugs, such as Bethanecol (Urecholine) to: mimic the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system Patients who are administered a new drug should be asked about the use of alternative therapies, such as herbal supplements because: many drug-alternative therapy interactions can cause serious problems and should be avoided The nurse plans to administer atropine to a patient on multiple medications. Which agent would be safe to administer with atropine? Narcotic analgesics If a patient develops muscarinic antagonist toxicity from ingestion of a chemical, the nurse should be prepared to: administer physostigmine A patient is being evaluated in the emergency department with a diagnosis of anticholinergic poisoning (with an overdose of Atropine) versus psychosis. Which sign or symptom would the nurse expect to find if the patient is experiencing poisoning? Dry mouth An adult patient arrives at the emergency room after an overdose of cholinergic drugs. The nurse anticipates administering what drug intravenously? atropine A patient brought into the emergency room is experiencing hypotension. Blood pressure reads 86/48. What class/classes of drug is indicated for treatment? Alpha and Beta adrenergic agonists Which body systems are most affected by epinephrine therapy? respiratory and cardiovascular Many over-the-counter cold and allergy preparations contain phenylephrine, an alpha agonist. Because this drug stimulates the effects of the alpha receptors, patients who should be advised to avoid these drugs include patients with: hypertension Severe hypertension, headache, and hyperpyrexia can occur if alpha agonists, such as epinephrine or phenylephrine are combined with: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) A patient with an obvious allergy is stung by a bee, shortness of breath & a feeling of choking ensues to accompany a very large local inflammatory reaction. The catecholamine of choice for treating this would be: epinephrine One of the effects of sympathetic stimulation is relaxation of the uterus. An adrenergic agonist that is used specifically to manage preterm labor by relaxing the uterus is: terbutaline An adrenergic drug that is used most frequently to treat shock & very low blood pressure is: dopamine A patient is being treated for shock. In treating the patient, one goal is to stimulate increase renal blood flow. The drug of choice would be: dopamine in low doses Beta2-specific adrenergic agonists are used frequently to treat: asthma and bronchospasm A patient is receiving an adrenergic agonist in the catecholamine family. The nurse caring for this patient would not: be given this drug orally Three major neurotransmitters of the Nervous System include: acetylcholine, epinephrine, & norepinephrine A patient who is stabilized on a beta blocker is prescribed prazosin (Minipress) to increase blood pressure control. The nurse teaching this patient should stress that: the patient should change position slowly because of postural hypotension A patient has been receiving dopamine by intravenous injection to try to maintain blood pressure. The nurse who is checking the infusion notices that it has infiltrated and the medication has leaked into the tissues. The nurse should: restart the IV in another site and inject phentolamine (Regitine) directly into the area of extravasation as this is the antidote for catecholamine infiltration Nursing care of a patient who is receiving an adrenergic blocker would include: headache medication to alleviate discomfort A patient taking a beta-blocker for hypertension should be cautioned to report: difficulty breathing A diabetic patient who is treated with a nonspecific beta-blocker would have to learn: new signs and symptoms of a hypo- or hyperglycemic reaction Which statement is correct regarding the impact of prolonged CNS drug exposure on the central nervous system? Certain drugs used in Psychiatry may take some time to exert the changes that produce the desired effects. A patient has an infection in the central nervous system. Which structure may make delivery of antibiotic therapy more difficult? Blood-brain barrier A 71-year-old patient has taken levodopa for Parkinson's disease for 2 weeks but reports no improvement in the symptoms. Select the nurse's best response. It may take several months for a response to occur. Continue the medication as prescribed. A patient with Parkinson's disease has been achieving good symptom control with the first line drugs for treatment of this debilitating disease, which are: Levodopa/carbidopa A patient with Parkinson's disease says, I always take my other medications with my bacon and eggs each morning. Can I take the levodopa at this time, too?? Select the nurse's best response. You should take the levodopa at least 1 hour before you eat your breakfast A patient with Parkinson's disease who is taking levodopa experiences dizziness when getting out of bed. The nurse should instruct the patient to: try increasing salt and water in the diet as levodopa may cause postural hypotension A patient on levodopa for Parkinson's disease tells the nurse, I just began taking a medication for severe depression. The nurse should ask the patient which antidepressant was prescribed because: a hypertensive crisis can occur when a