Written by students who passed Immediately available after payment Read online or as PDF Wrong document? Swap it for free 4.6 TrustPilot
logo-home
Summary

samenvatting H1-9

Rating
-
Sold
-
Pages
51
Uploaded on
03-01-2023
Written in
2021/2022

summary of the first part of International Trade chapters 1 to 9

Institution
Course

Content preview

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL
TRADE
Trade:

 central in ending global poverty
 counties open for trade, tend to grow faster
 benefits lower-income households by offering affordable goods
 trade ≠ sustainable?
o Donut Economy – Kate Raworth




1.1 why international trade?
o wealth of Nations
o the theory of absolute advantage

 David Ricardo
o Theorie van de comparatieve kosten
o comparatief kostenverschil = de welvaart van landen stijgt
 Ontstaan door: verdeling productiemiddelen +
ontwikkeling land + ligging + inkomen + kunstmatige
voordelen
 Wordt aangetoond met het 2- landen model
aantal arbeidsuren nodig voor de productie van één eenheid product
A B C D E F G
Portugal 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Engeland 20 18 16 14 12 10 8


Wht not do international trade?

 protectionism (vb. Amerika vs. China Handel embargo’s)


1.2 world trade
Trade growth has increased at all levels (volume & value)

 Export:
o Asia is growing fastest (Covid caused bumpy ride)
o China is leading exporter of goods
o North America declined most

,  Import
o Shift from buying services to buying goods

analysing graphs:

 look at the title
 what is the legend telling
 Y&X



Conclusion:

 Global trade heavy concentrated in few countries
 Leading exporters = leading importers
 Belgium decreased but still good position
 Growing importance of China
 US import value very large



1.3 Belgium status
Export of merchandise = 10th
import of merchandise = 12th => because we have an open economy

Why open economy?

 Centrale plek
 Hoge bevolkingsdichtheid
 Schaarste aan natuurlijke hulpbronnen
 Centrum van de Belgische economie = buitenlandse goederen verwerken en exporteren

Balance of Trade

= Geldwaarde export – geldwaarde import van goederen

 Handelsoverschot = export > import
o + competitief
o - mogelijke indicatie van onvoldoende binnenlandse groei
 Handelstekort = import > export
o + kan duiden op investering in bouweconomie
o - kan leiden tot afhankelijkheid van buitenlandse financiering

Distribution of Trade

 Majority of the goods exported remain In Europe
o Germany
o France
o The Netherlands
 Outside EU => US, UK & China

,Import & export by sector




 Belgium biggest exporter of;
o Frozen vegetables
o Gluten
o Zinc powder
 Belgium biggest importer of;
o Raw tobacco
o Acids
o Potatoes
o Linseed



 Belgium is 3th best county in logistics

, CHAPTER 2 – GLOBALIZATION
WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION
Globalization = the transformation of national economies into an interdependent integrated global
economic system

 Door globalisering kunnen bedrijven de markt zien als een geïntegreerde marktplaats die
kopers, producenten, leveranciers en overheden in verschillende landen omvat.
 Het land van herkomst is niet meer geldig, het bedrijf is het platform voor kwaliteitsborging.

Globalisatie zorgt voor:

 Dalende belemmeringen voor grensoverschrijdende handel en investeringen
 Wereldwijde smaken (zie voorbeeld McDo)
 Voordelen voor kleine en grote bedrijven
 Aanzienlijk verschil tussen nationale markten
 Concurrenten die elkaar volgen over de hele wereld

Globalization of production:

 In het begin was outsourcing enkel productie, nu ook serviceactiviteiten
 Outsourcing kan zorgen voor verkorten tijd en verlagen kosten
 Zie voorbeeld Apple Sourcing Model

DRIVERS OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Declining trade and investment barriers
a. 1920-30: veel belemmeringen voor internationale handel en buitenlandse directe
investeringen => hoge tarieven => vergeldingsmaatregelen (=wraak) handelsbeleid
b. Oprichting WTO
2. Role of technological change
a. Communication
o Development of the microprocessor
o Moore’s law = elke 18 maanden verdubbelt de kracht van
microprocessortechnologie en worden de productiekosten gehalveerd.
b. IOT – Internet of things
o Global e-commerce => half of population uses internet
c. Transportation technology
o Superfreighters
d. Implications (gevolgen) for the globalization of production & markets

TRADE POLICIES & AGREEMENTS
Verschillende regeringen: verschillende opvattingen over de regulering van handel in goederen en
diensten

Vrijhandel = geen beperkingen op wat burgers kunnen kopen van of verkopen aan een ander land
MAAR: vaak niet de realiteit! (bescherming binnenlandse producten)

GATT = General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
= modern internationale handelssysteem

Written for

Institution
Study
Course

Document information

Uploaded on
January 3, 2023
Number of pages
51
Written in
2021/2022
Type
SUMMARY

Subjects

$13.51
Get access to the full document:

Wrong document? Swap it for free Within 14 days of purchase and before downloading, you can choose a different document. You can simply spend the amount again.
Written by students who passed
Immediately available after payment
Read online or as PDF

Get to know the seller
Seller avatar
Margotartevelde

Get to know the seller

Seller avatar
Margotartevelde Arteveldehogeschool
Follow You need to be logged in order to follow users or courses
Sold
1
Member since
3 year
Number of followers
1
Documents
4
Last sold
3 year ago

0.0

0 reviews

5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0

Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Working on your references?

Create accurate citations in APA, MLA and Harvard with our free citation generator.

Working on your references?

Frequently asked questions