🚗
Topic 4 - Inorganic and the
Periodic Table
Group 2
Explain the trend in ionisation energy down group 2
Ionisation energy decreases down Group 2
Number of shells increase
Extra inner shells shield the outer electrons from the attraction from the nucleus
Outer shell electrons further away from nucleus
So less nuclear attraction for the outer electrons
State the trend in electronegativity down group 2
decreases
Explain the trend in reactivity down group 2
Reactivity increases down group 2
Because number of shells increases
Outer shell electrons further away from nucleus
Topic 4 - Inorganic and the Periodic Table 1
, Less nuclear attraction for the outer electrons
So electrons can be easily lost to form cations
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with oxygen? Equation for Mg +
O2 ?
When group 2 metals burn in oxygen, you get solid white oxides
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO (same with Ca,Sr and Ba)
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with chlorine? Equation for ?
When group 2 metals react with chlorine, you get solid white chlorides
Ca + Cl2 → CaCl2 (same with Mg,Sr and Ba)
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with water in general?
The group 2 metal react with water to give a metal hydroxide and hydrogen
Describe how magnesium is different in the way it reacts with cold water
compared to steam
Mg + H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2 (aq)+ H2 (g) COLD CONDITIONS very slow reaction
Mg + H2O(g) → MgO(s)+ H2 (g) WARM CONDITIONS
Describe the trend in the reactivity of the group 2 metal hydroxides down the
group
1. reactivity increases
2. because solubility in water increases
3. when solubility of these hydroxides is faster, the release of hydroxide ions is
greater
4. so pH of these hydroxides increases down the group
Equation for the reaction of group 2 oxides with water? MgO + H2O → ?
MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2 (aq) Magnesium hydroxide is used as antacid
Equation for the reaction of group 2 hydroxides with dilute acid? Mg(OH)2 +
HCl → ?
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O you get a metal hydride + water
Topic 4 - Inorganic and the Periodic Table 2
Topic 4 - Inorganic and the
Periodic Table
Group 2
Explain the trend in ionisation energy down group 2
Ionisation energy decreases down Group 2
Number of shells increase
Extra inner shells shield the outer electrons from the attraction from the nucleus
Outer shell electrons further away from nucleus
So less nuclear attraction for the outer electrons
State the trend in electronegativity down group 2
decreases
Explain the trend in reactivity down group 2
Reactivity increases down group 2
Because number of shells increases
Outer shell electrons further away from nucleus
Topic 4 - Inorganic and the Periodic Table 1
, Less nuclear attraction for the outer electrons
So electrons can be easily lost to form cations
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with oxygen? Equation for Mg +
O2 ?
When group 2 metals burn in oxygen, you get solid white oxides
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO (same with Ca,Sr and Ba)
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with chlorine? Equation for ?
When group 2 metals react with chlorine, you get solid white chlorides
Ca + Cl2 → CaCl2 (same with Mg,Sr and Ba)
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with water in general?
The group 2 metal react with water to give a metal hydroxide and hydrogen
Describe how magnesium is different in the way it reacts with cold water
compared to steam
Mg + H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2 (aq)+ H2 (g) COLD CONDITIONS very slow reaction
Mg + H2O(g) → MgO(s)+ H2 (g) WARM CONDITIONS
Describe the trend in the reactivity of the group 2 metal hydroxides down the
group
1. reactivity increases
2. because solubility in water increases
3. when solubility of these hydroxides is faster, the release of hydroxide ions is
greater
4. so pH of these hydroxides increases down the group
Equation for the reaction of group 2 oxides with water? MgO + H2O → ?
MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2 (aq) Magnesium hydroxide is used as antacid
Equation for the reaction of group 2 hydroxides with dilute acid? Mg(OH)2 +
HCl → ?
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O you get a metal hydride + water
Topic 4 - Inorganic and the Periodic Table 2
