WGU C181 STUDY GUIDE

Chapter 1 What is sovereignty? SOVEREIGNTY - Each national government has the right to govern its people as it wishes, without interference from other nations. How is Sovereignty threatened in the globalized world? If the majority of nations thinks a country is being ruled unethically or crimes on its citizens are happening, world sanctions can be ordered. IE... Libya and Moammar Gadhafi. What are the fundamental values of American democracy? How are these values shown in the two dilemmas of government? Order, freedom and equality. Freedom vs. Order- sometimes, order is needed to have freedoms. USSR, Germany. Freedom vs. Equality- sometimes, equality is a problem and hurts freedom. Equal pay, School busing. How do equality of opportunity, equality of outcome, and political equality differ? Provide examples. Equality of Opportunity- Same chance to succeed. School, employment. Equality of Outcome- Same outcome for work. Equal pay, Healthcare. Political Equality- Have a voice. Vote, Run for office. What are the major purposes of government? Which is most controversial? Order, Freedom and Equality for all. Order is the biggest issue without giving up freedom. Figure 1.1 fill out the following chart: Political theory 1. Definition, 2. Correspond to which Economic Theory? - Define theory 3. Corresponds to which political label in the U.S.? Anarchism 1. total freedom. Law of the Jungle. 2. 0% government. Laisser Faire. 3. Not applicable. Libertarianism 1. want freedom with little laws. Liberty 2. 20% government. 3. Libertarian. Liberalism Power of the people to change laws. 1. wants freedom, kn ows laws are needed, wants everyone equal. 2. 30-40% government. Capitalism, no monopolies. 50-75% government. Socialism. 3. Conservatives - Republicans, Communitarians, Liberals - Democrats Totalitarianism 1. wants nothing but law & order. 2.100% government. Communism. 3. Not applicable. Figure 1.2 State the differences between libertarianism, conservative, communitarian, & liberal views on Freedom, Order, Equality, & Government. Which values are seen as most important? Least important? What role should government play to protect those values? Freedom Libertarianism- almost all freedom Conservative- 1/2 freedom Communitarian- very little freedom Liberal-very little freedom Order Libertarianism- very little of law & order Conservative- 1/2 law & order Communitarian- 1/2 law & order Liberal- very little order Equality Libertarianism- very little equality Conservative- little equality Communitarian- 1/2 equality Liberal- almost all equality. Government LibertarianismConservativeCommunitarianLiberallibertarianism Wants mainly freedom with little law & order and equality. liberalism Wants a balance of freedom, equality and law & order. liberals wants mainly equality with little law & order and freedom how they similar and differ? They understand Freedom, Law & Order and Equality are needed. It is the amount of each that separates them. Chapter 2 What are the types of 'Direct Democracy'? All citizens run the government and vote on laws, taxes and issues. Small towns, clubs, teams, etc.. What is 'Indirect Democracy' or Representative Democracy? All citizens vote for someone to represent their thoughts. Our government, Representative, Republic system. What are the basic concepts of Majoritarian democracy (Majoritarianism)? Majority rules. Everyone is equal to vote and have the chance to vote. Know what you are voting for, be consistent and vote to have your voice heard. What are the basic concepts of Pluralist democracy (Pluralism)? Interest groups vote for the laws, issues and what should be done. Majority is silent, the interest groups vote, government should listen to only them. How does "Elite Theory" differ from the Majoritarian and Pluralist models? The view that a small group of people actually makes most of the important government decisions.