Juvenile Delinquency Exam #1| 103 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

The Juvenile Justice System correct answer: -comprised of law enforcement, the courts, and corrections -no national juvenile justice system -limited jurisdiction (up to age 17 in most states) -confidentiality of proceedings (records don't get released) -status offenses Parens Patriae correct answer: -the power of the state to act on behalf of the child -provide care and protection equivalent to that of a parent -the state has primary and legitimate interest in the upbringing of children -since the mid-1960's, juveniles have acquired greater constitutional rights -less subject to the influence of parens patriae Cycles of Juvenile Justice correct answer: -historically, how we deal with juveniles goes in cycles -rehabilitation-->punishment-->rehab-->punish -the last major era of juvenile justice was the "get tough era" -trend toward individual accountability and justice in the juvenile justice system -this means greater use of non-secure and secure custody and sanctions Juvenile Delinquents correct answer: -juvenile delinquent: any criminal act committed by someone who has not reached his/her age of majority -ages of majority vary among jurisdictions; many states use "under age 18" or "under age 21" Status Offenses correct answer: -status offenders do not necessarily commit crimes -status offenses are acts committed by juveniles that would be considered crimes if adults committed them Truancy correct answer: -truancy is absence from school without permission or excuse -220,000 or more truants in the U.S. each school day Curfew Violators correct answer: -it is unknown how many curfew violators there are Runaways correct answer: -at least 250,000 runaways in the U.S. Deinstitutionalization of Status Offenses (DSO) correct answer: -The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 [can be housed with adults, just out of sight and sound] -stigmatizing effects Outcomes of DSO correct answer: -reduction in number of status offenders held in adult jails and other secure confinement facilities -public views juvenile justice system as soft on