TEST BANKS Myer's Psychology

Chapter 1


1 Which of the following best describes the view of the mind held
by Plato and Socrates?
• The mind should be studied through careful, empirical
observations. Incorrect
• The mind is an illusion produced by the brain. Incorrect
• The mind is separate from the body and continues after the
body dies. (True Answer )Correct
• The mind is made up of knowledge that is a result of our
experiences. Incorrect
• The mind results from biological processes produced by
neural transmissions. Incorrect

2 Which philosopher was the first to conclude that knowledge
results from our memories of our experiences?

• Plato Incorrect
• Socrates Incorrect
• Kant Incorrect
• Descartes Incorrect
• Aristotle (True Answer )Correct

3 Descartes theory of how our brain controlled our reflexes
involved which of the following?

• structuralism and functionalism Incorrect
• brain fluid and “animal spirits” (True Answer )Correct
• blank slate and empiricism Incorrect
• astrology and tabula rasa Incorrect
• innate knowledge and experimental data Incorrect

4 Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the
mind at birth is tabula rasa or a “blank slate”?

• Plato Incorrect
• John Locke (True Answer )Correct
• Immanuel Kant Incorrect
• René Descartes Incorrect
• Aristotle Incorrect

5 The ideas that most directly helped form modern empiricism
were proposed by



• Plato and Socrates. Incorrect

, • John Locke and Francis Bacon. (True Answer )Correct
• Plato and René Descartes. Incorrect
• Socrates and Confucius. Incorrect
• Aristotle and Socrates. Incorrect

6 Which philosopher would have been most enthusiastic about
modern empiricism?

• Plato Incorrect
• Socrates Incorrect
• Aristotle (True Answer )Correct
• René Descartes Incorrect
• Immanuel Kant Incorrect

7 The first psychological laboratory was established by


• William James. Incorrect
• John Watson. Incorrect
• Wilhelm Wundt. (True Answer )Correct
• Sigmund Freud. Incorrect
• Jean Piaget. Incorrect

8 Wilhelm Wundt's laboratory work involved experimental
studies of

• animal intelligence. Incorrect
• personality development. Incorrect
• learning and memory. Incorrect
• reactions to sensory stimulation. (True Answer )Correct
• association and generalization. Incorrect

9 Which of the following innovations differentiated Wilhelm
Wundt's research the most from any psychologist before him?

• empiricism Incorrect
• structuralism Incorrect
• tabula rasa Incorrect
• laboratory research (True Answer )Correct
• separation of mind and body Incorrect

10 Wilhelm Wundt's early experiments were attempts to
investigate which area of psychology?

, • the causes of mental illnesses Incorrect
• social conformity Incorrect
• the simplest mental processes (True Answer )Correct
• childhood development Incorrect
• causes of aggression Incorrect

11 Why is Wilhelm Wundt often considered the first scientific
psychological researcher?

• His scientific philosophy was carefully built on Descartes' idea
about mind-body dualism. Incorrect
• He gathered data through experiments in his lab. (True
Answer )Correct
• He treated patients with mental illnesses using a medical
model for the first time. Incorrect
• His attention to genetic causes was ahead of his
time. Incorrect
• He analyzed data from his studies using inferential
statistics. Incorrect

12 In Wilhelm Wundt's experiments, participants were asked to
press a key as soon as they were consciously aware of perceiving
a sound. By asking participants to examine and report their
conscious experiences, Wundt was making use of which of the
following?
• structuralism Incorrect
• empiricism Incorrect
• tabula rasa Incorrect
• introspection (True Answer )Correct
• functionalism Incorrect

13 Who used the method of introspection to scientifically identify
basic elements of mind?

• Aristotle Incorrect
• John Locke Incorrect
• Edward Titchener (True Answer )Correct
• John Watson Incorrect
• Socrates Incorrect

14 The self-reflective observation of one's own sensations and
feelings is called

• clinical psychology. Incorrect

, • introspection. (True Answer )Correct
• spaced practice. Incorrect
• humanism. Incorrect
• Gestalt psychology. Incorrect

15 Introspection was the basic research tool used by in
order to study people's inner sensations and mental images.

• John Watson Incorrect
• Charles Darwin Incorrect
• Edward Titchener (True Answer )Correct
• B. F. Skinner Incorrect
• Mary Calkins Incorrect

16 Research participants were asked to monitor and report their
own immediate sensory reactions to differently colored objects.
This research involved a technique known as
• empiricism. Incorrect
• structuralism. Incorrect
• introspection. (True Answer )Correct
• functionalism. Incorrect
• psychometrics. Incorrect

17 The method of introspection was used by Titchener to identify


• inherited traits. Incorrect
• learned responses. Incorrect
• maladaptive behaviors. Incorrect
• unconscious motives. Incorrect
• elements of sensory experience. (True Answer )Correct

18 Research participants who carefully observe and report their
immediate reactions and feelings in response to different musical
sounds are using the method known as
• spaced practice. Incorrect
• psychoanalysis. Incorrect
• introspection. (True Answer )Correct
• natural selection. Incorrect
• SQ3R. Incorrect

19 The unreliability of introspection contributed to the waning
popularity of