6552 Advanced Nurse Practice Exam in Reproductive Health Care 100% Correct

feminist perspectiveANSWERS-A perspective that acknowledges the oppression of women within a patriarchal society that also struggles toward the elimination of sexist oppression and the domination of all human beings. Alcohol Consumption and Women Recommended daily intake limit? Possible Risks?ANSWERS-Alcohol is hazardous for a woman who has either more than 7 drinks per week or more than 3 drinks per day. This amount put's women at risk for developing AUD (Alcohol Dependance Disorder). #Alcoholism Tanner StagesANSWERS-A scale used to assess the sexual maturity and puberty in both sexes. This scale involves 5 stages that involve development of breast and public hair growth and divides sexual physical maturity that extend from adolescence into adult hood. Tanner Scale Stage OneANSWERS-Stage one: small nipples no breast, no pubic hair, no signs of puberty scrotum, testes, and penis are the same as in childhood Tanner Scale Stage TwoANSWERS-Stage two: Breasts and nipples have just started to grow, the areola has become larger, breast tissue bud feels firm behind the nipple, initial growth of pubic hair that is light in color and not curled. Initial growth of scrotum and testes. The skin on the scrotum has become redder, thinner, and more wrinkled. The penis may have grown a little in length. Few hairs around the root of the penis. the hairs are straight without curls, and light in color. Tanner Scale Stage ThreeANSWERS-Stage Three: breasts and nipples have grown additionally. The aureola is darker and the breasts tissue buds have gotten larger. The public hair is more widespread. The hair is darker, and curls may have appeared. the penis has now grown into length. Scrotum and testes have grown. The skin of the scrotum has become darker and more wrinkled. Tanner Scale Stage FourANSWERS-Nipples and aerolas are elevated and form an edge towards the breast. The breast has also grown a little larger. More dense pubic hair growth with curls and dark hair. Still not entirely as an adult womens. the penis has grown in both length and width. The head of the penis has become larger. The scrotum and testes have grown more dense curly and dark hair. the hair growth is reaching the inner thighs. Tanner Scale Stage FiveANSWERS-Fully developed breasts. Nipples are protruding. the edge between aerola and breast has disappeared. Adult hair growth.. Dense curly hair extending towards the inner thighs. Penis and scrotum as an adult. Public hair extends upwards up to the umbilicus. It is dense and curly. Primary prevention vs. Secondary Prevention vs Tertiary preventionANSWERS-Primary prevention: Includes preventative measures that come BEFORE THE ONSET of a disease, illness, or injury, and BEFORE the disease process begins. Examples are, HPV vaccination, Safe sex practices, immunizations, health education, and counseling. Secondary Prevention: Includes those preventive measures that lead to early diagnosis and prompt treatment of disease, illness, or injury. Examples are, Pap smears, HIV testing, HPV testing, syphilis testing. routine lab screening for early detection of disease. Tertiary Prevention : Limits the ability and promotes rehab from clinical disease states. (Disease and illness is already here). U.S. Preventive Task Force Who are they? What do they do? what do they recommend?ANSWERS-They are an independent volunteer panel or national experts in disease prevention and evidence-based medicine. They work to improve the health of all Americans by making evidence-based recommendations about clinical preventive services. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists recommendationsANSWERS-Membership organization dedicated to the advancement of women's health care and the professional and socioeconomic interests of its members through continuing medical education , practice, research, and advocacy. Preventable causes of death for womenANSWERS-The leading causes of death in women in the U.S. are related to modifiable, behavioral risk factors. Smoking Obesity High Blood Pressure Women's Health Statistics What is the leading cause of death in females of all races and all origins?ANSWERS-Heart disease (21.8%), Cancer (20.7%), and Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease (6.2%). Women Health Statistics-What is the most common gynecological cancer in the U.S.?ANSWERS-Uterine cancer Women's Health Statistics What gynecologic cancer in women causes the most deaths?ANSWERS-Ovarian Cancer Women's Health Statistics What gynecological cancer is the MOST preventable?ANSWERS-Cervical cancer used to be the leading cause of cancer in women however due to regular pap testing cervical cancer has decreased significantly. Cervical cancer is also the MOST PREVENTABLE and the ONLY gynecological cancer with a screening test and a vaccine List all of the possible gynecological cancers for women?ANSWERS-Uterine, Ovarian, Cervical, Vaginal and Vulvar. The HPV vaccination protects against the types of HPV that most often cause cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. Recommended for pre teens ages 11-12 but can be given as early as 9 until age 26 ( this range will likely be on test but as of 2020 that range has been extended until the age of 40). What are the advantages of taking an oral contraceptive for more than five years?ANSWERS-Ovarian and endometrial cancers decrease by 40-50% What are the disadvantages of taking an oral contraceptive for more than five years?ANSWERS-Increases risk of breast and cervical cancers, even tho it lowers risk of ovarian and endometrial. Unintended pregnancy StatisticsANSWERS-Unintended pregnancy rates per 1,000 women were highest among women who are 1. 18-24 years old 2. Low income, 100% of federal poverty level 3. Had never completed high school 4. Were Non-hispanic black or african american 5. Were cohabiting but never married. Most unintended pregnancies result from not using contraception consistently or correctly or at al. Cultural Perspective of WomenANSWERS-To create a culture in health care settings where providers must educate themselves about the health needs and concerns of the population and create environments that are welcoming, nonthreatening, and normalized to people of ALL gender, identities, and sexual orientations. World Health Organization (WHO): Who are they and what do they do?ANSWERS-They are a world health org that plays an essential role in the global governance of health and disease. They establish, monitor, and enforce international norms and standards. They define health as a " state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not just the absence of disease or infirmity". ** Definition of Infirmity means physical or mental weakness**** HIV Screening RecommendationsANSWERS-The CDC recommends HIV screening as a routine part of clinical care for patients ages 13-64 in ALL health care settings. Patients who present for STI treatments should be screen for HIV at each visit. Screening Guidelines for IPV (Intimate Partner Violence).ANSWERS-All women of childbearing ages 14-46 should be screened for IPV. Factors that put women at risk for IPVANSWERS-Pregnancy, history of depression, low self-esteem, poverty, unemployment, controlling partner, and community or family with male dominant forms. Definition of rapeANSWERS-There is still no clinical definition of sexual assault or rape that has gained acceptance. clinicians should become familiar with their states definitions and corresponding laws. The revised UCR definition of rape is: Penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim. Genital Trauma and Rape StatisticsANSWERS-1 in 5 women have been raped at one point in there life. Victims of rape are less likely to report their perpetrator if they know the person 80% of assaults are either a former partner, friend, family, member or acquaintance Evidentiary Examination of a Rape VictimANSWERS-A evidentiary collection kit should be used and instructions on how to collect, preserve, seal, and store samples should be followed. Collection should be done AFTER inspection of the area and prior to palpitation or physical manipulation of the area. STD possibility should be treated prophylactically even if tested negative, pregnancy test should be given and emergency contraception may be given up to 120 HOURS OF THE ASSAULT (A SINGLE DOSE OF LEVONORGESTREL (PLAN B) 1.5 MG. What does the Pneumonic EMPOWER stand for?ANSWERS-It is used for intimate partner violence and stands for... Empathetic listening Making time to properly document findings Provide information about domestic violence Offering options and choices Working with a domestic abuse specialist