ATI TEAS 6 - Science Section 1.2 - Human Anatomy and Physiology - The Respiratory System
What is the *main* function of the respiratory system? - Transporting oxygen into the body's cells and carbon dioxide out of the body.
What structures make up the respiratory system? - - Nasal Cavity
- Trachea - Left Lung
- Diaphragm
What is a key factor of the alveoli in the lungs for the exchange of gases? - Surface Area
What is a *waste* product of the respiratory system? - Carbon Dioxide
What is known as the process of aerating the lungs? - Ventilation
What do you call the air passage way that is reinforced by cartilage rings? - Trachea
After passing through the trachea, where is the air carried? - through a system of branching tubes called bronchi and bronchioles
After passing through the bronchi and bronchioles, where does the air go? - to the lungs
Where is the *site* of gas exchange? - Alveoli
What keeps the lungs from collapsing on itself due to surface tension? - the layer of aqueous surfactant that the Alveoli are bathed in
True or False:
The heart is located *symmetrically* between the lungs. - False
> it is located Asymmetrically.
How many lobes does the *right* lung have? - Three
How many lobes does the *left* lung have? - Two
What do you call the tough, protective double membrane that covers each individual lobe? - Pleura Which cavity do the lungs resided in? - Pleura Cavity
True or False:
The heart is apart of the respiratory system - False
How does gas exchange in the lungs occur? - Diffusion
What type of mechanism is diffusion? - Passive Transport Mechanism
What is the rate of diffusion *directly* proportional to? - the surface area involved and the concentration gradient
Oxygen in the lungs moves into the ____. - Blood
Carbon Dioxide in the blood moves into the _______. - Lungs
What occurs as a combination of muscle action and negative pressure? - Ventilation
Why does the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles of the ribs relax simultaneously? - - To increase the volume of the lungs
- To decrease the pressure in the lungs which draws in air
What two anatomical structures *contract* that cause a reduction in lung volume, and air to be pushed out of the lungs? - - Diaphragm - Intercostal Muscles
During inhalation, what causes the chest cavity to increase in size? - Diaphragm
During exhalation, what causes the chest cavity to increase in size? - - Intercostal muscles contract
- Ribs expand
As volume of the chest cavity increases, what happens to the pressure inside the chest cavity? - Decreases
Which has greater pressure?
- air outside the lungs
- air inside the lungs - Outside
- this is why air "rushes" into the lungs
What do you call the amount of air breathed in and out? - Tidal Volume
What is the *main* function of the respiratory system? - Transporting oxygen into the body's cells and carbon dioxide out of the body.
What structures make up the respiratory system? - - Nasal Cavity
- Trachea - Left Lung
- Diaphragm
What is a key factor of the alveoli in the lungs for the exchange of gases? - Surface Area
What is a *waste* product of the respiratory system? - Carbon Dioxide
What is known as the process of aerating the lungs? - Ventilation
What do you call the air passage way that is reinforced by cartilage rings? - Trachea
After passing through the trachea, where is the air carried? - through a system of branching tubes called bronchi and bronchioles
After passing through the bronchi and bronchioles, where does the air go? - to the lungs
Where is the *site* of gas exchange? - Alveoli
What keeps the lungs from collapsing on itself due to surface tension? - the layer of aqueous surfactant that the Alveoli are bathed in
True or False:
The heart is located *symmetrically* between the lungs. - False
> it is located Asymmetrically.
How many lobes does the *right* lung have? - Three
How many lobes does the *left* lung have? - Two
What do you call the tough, protective double membrane that covers each individual lobe? - Pleura Which cavity do the lungs resided in? - Pleura Cavity
True or False:
The heart is apart of the respiratory system - False
How does gas exchange in the lungs occur? - Diffusion
What type of mechanism is diffusion? - Passive Transport Mechanism
What is the rate of diffusion *directly* proportional to? - the surface area involved and the concentration gradient
Oxygen in the lungs moves into the ____. - Blood
Carbon Dioxide in the blood moves into the _______. - Lungs
What occurs as a combination of muscle action and negative pressure? - Ventilation
Why does the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles of the ribs relax simultaneously? - - To increase the volume of the lungs
- To decrease the pressure in the lungs which draws in air
What two anatomical structures *contract* that cause a reduction in lung volume, and air to be pushed out of the lungs? - - Diaphragm - Intercostal Muscles
During inhalation, what causes the chest cavity to increase in size? - Diaphragm
During exhalation, what causes the chest cavity to increase in size? - - Intercostal muscles contract
- Ribs expand
As volume of the chest cavity increases, what happens to the pressure inside the chest cavity? - Decreases
Which has greater pressure?
- air outside the lungs
- air inside the lungs - Outside
- this is why air "rushes" into the lungs
What do you call the amount of air breathed in and out? - Tidal Volume
