LPN Fundamentals Of Nursing Exam 1-6 FINAL EXAM Complete Solution guide.
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 1-6 FINAL EXAM Define Sinus Tachycardia - Regular Rhythm, rate 100-180 beats/min (higher in infants) When is the best time of the month to perform a self-breast examination? - 4th to 7th day during menstrual cycle or days after cycle has ended. Define total Patient Care - Rn is responsible for all aspects of care for one or more pts during a shift of care. Care is usually consistent, comprehensive, and holistic, care can be delegated. RN works directly with pt, family and health care team members. Define Primary nursing - 1 primary RN assumes responsibility for a caseload of patients, provides care for the same pts during their stay in health care facility. RN assesses pt, develops plan of care and delivers appropriate nursing intervention. Communication is lateral from nurse to nurse and caregiver to caregiver. Define major surgery - Involves extensive reconstruction or alteration in body parts, poses great risks to well being. Describe a stage II pressure ulcer - Partial thickness loss of dermis presenting a shallow ulcer red- pink wound bed without slough. May present an intact or open. ruptured serum filled blister. Shiny dry shallow ulcer without slough or bruising. Define Presbyscusis - Hearing loss associated with aging. Usually involves both a loss of hearing sensitivity and a reduction in the clarity of speech. Define Ventilation - movement of air in and out of the lungs. Afterload ejection of blood from left ventricle define contact precaution - Safeguards designed to reduce the risk of transmission of epidemiologically important microorganisms by direct or indirect contact. what sound do rhonchi make - sonorous wheeze-coarse, low pitched: may clear with cough. describe head lice - attach their eggs to hair, eggs look like oval particles of dandruff. Lice are difficult to see, observe for bites or pustule eruptions in the follicles and area where skin surfaces meet behind the ears in the ears and in the groin. describe diffusion - movement of gases between air spaces and blood stream what is the final step in a complete assessment? - documentation S/S of hypostatic pneumonia - decreased lung expansion, generalized respiratory muscle weakness and secretions occur without immobility. (comes from inflammation of the lung from stasis or pooling of secretions. ) s/s of respiratory acidosis - increased PaCo2 and increased hydrogen ion concentration below 7.35. This reflects the excess carbonic acid in the blood (hypoventilation produces R. acidosis) what is the primary advantage of hydrogel dressing ? - contains a high percentage of water for wounds that require moisture. Maintaining a moist wound environment needed for healing. Hydrogel facilitates debridement by softening dead tissue. A pt complains of chills, dizziness and feeling hot during a blood transfusion. What are the nurses most appropriate actions? - Stop transfusion immediately. Remove blood component and tubing containing and tubing contacting blood products replace with new primed tubing with 0.9% sodium chloride Maintain patent IV line with normal saline Stay with patient observe signs and symptoms and monitor every 5 min. Notify health care ream or response team notify bank prepare to do cpr and give emergency drugs save blood container, tube, labels and transfusion record get blood and 1st urine document transfusion reaction, description, treatment and outcomes The nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a patient regarding pain control after surgery. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the use of postoperative analgesia? - -inform nurse as soon as pain becomes a persistent discomfort. -takes time for a drug to act -drugs rarely eliminates all discomfort. -don't be fearful of dependency - USE of PCA pump which leadership skills should a nursing student use when caring for patients? - clinical decisions making priority setting organizational skills use of resources time management evaluation team communication delegation a nurse wants to follow the American nurses association's social media policy. Which actions should the nurse take? - never name a patient never describe a patient never post an image of pt never disparage a fellow employee or employer report breaches of confidentiality and privacy. visual changes in older adults is caused by what? - glaucoma, Age Related MUACLAR DEGENERATION Good Samaritan Law - provides immunity to nurse who does what's reasonable to save life. follow through with care, hand off to emt or emergency personnel. Able to treat a minor without parental consent. Bowlbys Phases of mourning - Numbing Yearning and searching disorganization and despair reorganization Rando R Process - Mourning and reminiscence (test question about the nurse who is foreign and what she needs to know about western society. Western society mourns differently, they need to Reminiscence and remember the dead) Describe the second stage of Kubler-Ross' stages of dying - Anger stage: person resists the loss is angry about the situation and sometimes become angry when should general anesthesia be used - administer during major procedures requiting extensive tissue manipulation or anytime that analgesia, muscle relaxation, immobility and control of the autonomic nervous system are required. also, includes minor procedures, especially with children. actual loss - when a person can no longer touch, hear see or have valued people or objects. ex loss of a job, death of loved one child loses toy perceived loss - loss that is uniquely experienced by a grieving person and often less obvious to others. p.l is very real to the person. situational loss - the result of an unpredictable life event ex. divorce and family n friends split up and they lose the house maturational loss - a lifetime of normal development processes. ex kid goes to school and mom feels loss, kid may also feel loss. They spend less time together. tort - assault, battery INTENTIONAL Negligence UNINTENTIONAL tort - a civil wrong or injury for which remedy is in the form of money damages negligence - conduct that falls below the standard of care living wills - documents, instructing physicians to withhold or with draw life sustaining procedures statuary law - a form of contemporary law created by elected legislative bodies good Samaritan law - limitation of liability for heath care professionals offering assistance at the scene of an accident assault (tort) - any willful attempt of threat to harm another person common law - a form of contemporary law created by judicial decisions in court when cases are decided battery - any intentional touching or another persons body without consent incident report - completed when anything unusual happens that could potentially cause harm to a pt visitor or employee felony - a crime of a serious nature that usually carries a penalty of imprisonment. autonomy - the right to make ones own personal decisions even when those decisions might not be in that persons own best interest beneficence - positive actions to help others fidelity - agreements to keep promises justice - fairness in care delivery and use of resources nonmalefience - avoidance of harm or injury acid base imbalance - respiratory metabolic 4 types- R. Acidosis, R. Alkalosis, M. Acidosis, M. Alkalosis respiratory acidosis - increased PACO2 Increased Hydrogen ion Concentration Ph. below 7.35 Both reflect the excess carbonic acid (h2CO3) in blood. #####CONTINUES.....
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lpn fundamentals of nursing exam
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lpn fundamentals of nursing exam 1 6
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lpn fundamentals of nursing exam 1 6 final exam
