AP World unit 9 review questions and answers 100% pass

AP World unit 9 review questions and answers 100% pass What were the effects, characteristics, consequences of the original Industrial Revolution? coal and iron became more widely used resources. population increase (birth rate up, death rate increase then plateau). new methods of transportation (ex: steam ships, railroads). More communication (ex: telegram) Living standards decreased. job/worker rights and policies were created. women had more rights and influence. urbanization increased. Huge expansion of middle class. Define Marxism a system of political and economic thought by Karl Marx & Freidrich Engles that class struggle has been an agency of historical change and that the capitalists bourgeousie system must be eradicated in order to have a socialist classless society. What enabled Europe to expand into Asia in the 19th century? European states had become very powerful because of the industrial revolution, then established control over Asian ports and trade areas. What was the "Canton" or "port" system and why were Europeans upset by this? served as a way for china to control trade with west within its own country by forcing all trade to the southern port of Canton. Europe wanted to trade with china (especially Great Britain and Opium trade.) What was the premise of the "self-strengthening" movement in china and what was the main result of those reforms? 19th century push to modernize china in defense and industry. Loss of second Opium war. foriegn involvement & Taiping rebellion began the movement. Idea was to preserve Qing values& confucian thought while using western tech. overall, it was unsucceful. contributing tp failure was decentralized government and weak Qing authority. SS movement thought that economic and military modernization could be achieved without political and social reform. What was the reason for the outbreak of the opium war? Chinese political figures noticed the damage that the countrys addiction to opium imported from britain was causing. also a lot of money (silver bullion) what were the major results for china of the opium war and the treaty that ended it? China lost both opium wars and were forced to sign an unequal treaty. Treaty of Nanjing which opened China even more to Great Britain & merchants. what is the concept of extraterritoriality? the state of being exempted from jurisdiction of law what was the main reason for the outbreak of the Taiping rebellion? called for destruction of Qing dynasty. abolition of private property. outlaw of footbinding and concubindes. What were the major reasons for the decline of the ottoman empire? Internal weakness, population pressures, declining agricultural production, famine. Failing government and corruption. what countries were able to obtain independence form the ottoman empire int he Balkan region of europe? Greece & Serbia what groups showed resistance to Ottoman reforms? Why? Janissaries were adverse to military reforms because they were being taken out of power. what were some of the reforms enacted by sultan Selim 2 and what was the end result of those reforms? remodeled the military according to European army- janissaries revolted and killed the new army then killed all government except Muhammad 2 who became the new sultan. What did the terms " the sick man of europe" and " the eastern question" mean? they both referred to the ottoman empire's weakness and what to do with the falling empire. what was the significance of the Suez canal to both countries involved? who controlled it? deconstructed by Napolean upon visit to Egypt. French control a canal in Egypt would affect British ability to trade easily. Frace stopped construction. Egypt was forced to sell canal. What was the reason to end the practice of serfdom in Russia? they were the majority population. in order to industrialize Russia needed to create work force and stop the dependence on agricultural industry. what was the economic, social, and political impact of the serfs being liberated in russia? peasants didn't get money, agricultural production did not increase, emancipated for industrialization of empire factories, agriculture didn't increase, steel production rose socially: serfs did not move up in status political: serfs revolted, Gov prohibited labor unions and strikes. what were the characteristics of Russia industrialization? attempt at centralizing gov was during industrialization/ modernization. large working class. no new freedoms. how was the industrialization of russi similar/ different with japans? similar: parliaments created (duma in Russia, Diet in Japan) heavy agrarian industries. different: japan had pressures to open trade ports to west. what was the direct result/impact of the Russo-Japanese war? ended with destruction of Russian navy what led to the Meiji restoration in japan? the fall of Tokugawa bakufu what were some of the major developments in japanese society during the Meijing restoration? political: centrailize political power social: aboishment of Daimyo class & samurai power economic: bonds awarded to samurai lost value due to inflation how did the intervention into China by European differ to that of hat happened in Japan? china lost opium war and was forced to open trade with west, Japan was confronted by Matthew Perry. what were some of the cultural traits inherited by the japanese from the west? military styles