NURS 3200 Chapter 15, Disaster Situations QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 100%

The nursing instructor is talking with the students about botulism. The instructor tells the students that when caring for a client with botulism, what condition is most likely to cause death? A) Diplopia B) Dysphagia C) Paralysis of respiratory muscles D) Dysarthria Ans: C Feedback: In botulism, paralysis of respiratory muscles poses the greatest potential for lethality. Diplopia (double vision), dysarthria (difficulty in speaking), and dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) are all early signs of botulism. 2. You are an emergency department nurse working triage during a disaster. Why should you tag a victim after assessment in a disaster situation? A) To know the victim's name B) The tag states the triage category of the victim. C) Someone else does not duplicate the assessment. D) Call for immediate hospitalization. Ans: C Feedback: The tag is an indication that the victim has been assessed by a nurse. This ensures that the nurse or another medical person does not spend time assessing the same person twice. The tag does not name the victim, state the triage category, or contain instructions. 3. You are caring for radiation victims. What is the most important factor that you should consider to assess a client's chance of survival in acute radiation syndrome (ARS)? A) Dosage of gamma radiation B) Concentration of nerve gas C) Mode of infection D) Direct physical contact Ans: A Feedback: The chance of surviving ARS depends on the dosage of gamma radiation a person receives. ARS is not related to chemical (gas) or biologic (infection, contact) disasters. 4. The nurse caring for victims of a volcano eruption knows that this disaster is categorized as a natural disaster. What is the other category of disaster? A) Man-made B) Artificial C) Earthly D) Human Ans: D Feedback: There are essentially two types of disasters: (1) natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes; and (2) human disasters that may be intentionally or unintentionally caused such as explosions, fires, and acts of terrorism. Options A, B, and C are simply distractors. 5. You are a nurse caring for clients in the emergency department who have been admitted from the area surrounding a nuclear power plant. There had been a small explosion at the plant and a small amount of radiation had escaped. You know that this is what type of a disaster? A) Natural B) Explosive C) Chemical D) Radiologic Ans: D Feedback: Radiologic disasters can occur in the following ways: explosion of a dirty bomb, damage to or human error in a nuclear power plant facility, and nuclear blast. The scenario does not describe a natural disaster or a chemical disaster. Option B is only a distractor. 6. An ICU nurse is caring for a