PROTON NMR
1.0W RESOLUTION
•
number of peaks indicates chemical environments
•
position of each peak tells its chemical shift
( further left H is attached to atom )
,
more
electronegative
under peak shows relative number of H atoms
•
area
in each environment
integration trace horizontal line to represent
relative area .
HIGH RESOLUTION
similarities : -
peaks help identify chemical environments
relative peak area helps identify number
-
of hydrogen atoms
: peaks show
differences splitting patterns of
-
SPLITTING PATTERNS
:
centre of chemical shift
•
group
relative peak integration trace number next to peak
•
area uses or
numbers indicate ratio of protons
•
The protons attached to adjacent carbon atoms influence
surrounding protons
The be interpreted the nth
splitting can by rule
n n 1-1 multiple ratio of peak areas
' '
0 1 1
singlet n
being how
1 2 doublet 1 :b many protons
2 3 triplet 1 : 2 :3 attached to
3 4 1 :3 : 3 :b
quartet adjacent carbon
1.0W RESOLUTION
•
number of peaks indicates chemical environments
•
position of each peak tells its chemical shift
( further left H is attached to atom )
,
more
electronegative
under peak shows relative number of H atoms
•
area
in each environment
integration trace horizontal line to represent
relative area .
HIGH RESOLUTION
similarities : -
peaks help identify chemical environments
relative peak area helps identify number
-
of hydrogen atoms
: peaks show
differences splitting patterns of
-
SPLITTING PATTERNS
:
centre of chemical shift
•
group
relative peak integration trace number next to peak
•
area uses or
numbers indicate ratio of protons
•
The protons attached to adjacent carbon atoms influence
surrounding protons
The be interpreted the nth
splitting can by rule
n n 1-1 multiple ratio of peak areas
' '
0 1 1
singlet n
being how
1 2 doublet 1 :b many protons
2 3 triplet 1 : 2 :3 attached to
3 4 1 :3 : 3 :b
quartet adjacent carbon
