Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, Perspectives 6th Canadian Edition David J.A. Dozois

Chapter 02: Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour Chapter 02 Multiple Choice Questions 1. An integrative approach to the case study of Hailey at the start of the chapter A) would focus on how maternal postpartum depression factors combine with peer social stressors in triggering depression. B) would focus on how genetic factors interact with atypical synthesis of neurotransmitters to produce depression. C) would infer biological, psychological and social factors from Hailey's developmental history and describe how these factors have interacted over time to produce depression. D) would infer multiple biological and social factors from Hailey's history and then describe how these factors have dynamically and reciprocally interacted over time. E) would look at Hailey's history of thoughts, feelings and behaviours and integrate these in an account of how and when her depression emerged. Difficulty: 2 QuestionID: 02-1-01 Page-Reference: 25 Skill: Conceptual, application Answer: C) would infer biological, psychological and social factors from Hailey's developmental history and describe how these factors have interacted over time to produce depression. 2. A theory of abnormal behaviour A) should only consider biological factors. B) should be abandoned when shown to be incorrect, regardless of whether there is a better one available. C) should not be considered useful if it has been shown to be incorrect, even if it generates further research. D) should be judged solely on how well it matches current information. E) should be abandoned only when there is a better one available. Difficulty: 3 QuestionID: 02-1-02 Page-Reference: 26 Skill: Conceptual Answer: E) should be abandoned only when there is a better one available. 3. Single-factor explanations A) tend to identify risk factors rather than specific causes of dysfunctional behaviour. B) emphasize one factor as being a major contributor to a particular psychological disorder. C) are generally preferred over other explanations because of their simplicity. D) often reflect a high level of current comprehensive knowledge of disorders. E) view behaviour as the product of the interaction of several factors. Difficulty: 2 QuestionID: 02-1-03 Page-Reference: 26 Skill: Factual Answer: B) emphasize one factor as being a major contributor to a particular psychological disorder. 4. According to the text, scientific theories, such as those of abnormal psychology, are judged to be valuable for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A) they make predictions about aspects of the phenomena that had not previously been made. B) they make it possible to specify the evidence necessary to deny the theory. C) they are parsimonious. D) they integrate most of what is presently known about the phenomena. E) they describe the enduring truth about an issue. Difficulty: 2 QuestionID: 02-1-04 Page-Reference: 27 Skill: Conceptual Answer: E) they describe the enduring truth about an issue. 5. Theories A) are never completely replaced in science because a better theory comes along. B) are not facts, but rather the best approximation possible at the present time. C) represent the known facts of current understanding. D) can be proven correct, if enough evidence is gathered. E) must be shown to be true by scientists. Difficulty: 3 QuestionID: 02-1-05 Page-Reference: 27 Skill: Conceptual Answer: B) are not facts, but rather the best approximation possible at the present time. 6. In science, experiments are set up not to prove the worth of a theory, but rather to reject what is called the A) rejection hypothesis. B) test hypothesis. C) experimental hypothesis. D) null hypothesis. E) false hypothesis. Difficulty: 1 QuestionID: 02-1-06 Page-Reference: 26-27 Skill: Factual Answer: D) null hypothesis. 7. According to the text, which of the following is NOT a general aim of theories about mental disorders? A) To identify characteristics that precede and follow episodes of the problem behaviour B) To predict the course of the disorder C) To identify the factors that maintain the behaviour D) To design effective treatments E) To explain the origins of the problem behaviour Difficulty: 1 QuestionID: 02-1-07 Page-Reference: 27 Skill: Factual Answer: A) To identify characteristics that precede and follow episodes of the problem behaviour 8. The effects of untreated phenylketonuria (PKU) are A) markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in obsessive-compulsive disorder in adulthood. B) markedly increased blood levels of phenylalanine, resulting in severe mental retardation.