Unit 2
XOR Expansion
Binary to BCD Converter
BCD to Excess-3 (Add 3 to each no.)
BCD to Gray
Binary to Gray
Gray to BCD
Excess 3 to BCD (Subtract 3)
Gray to Binary
Half Adder (Augend + Addend = Sum + Carry)
Full Adder
Half Subtractor (Minuend-Subtrahend=Difference+Borrow)
Full Subtractor
Parallel Adder
Parallel Subtractor
Parallel Adder + Subtractor
Carry Propagation Delay
4-bit Parallel Adder IC with Look Ahead
BCD Adder
BCD Subtractor
Suctraction Using 9’s Complement Method
9’s Complement
Subtraction Using 10’s Complement Method
10’s Complement
Look Ahead Carry Adder
Parity Generator and Parity Checker
Parity Generator
Odd Parity
Even Parity
Parity Checker
Odd Parity
Even Parity
Magnitude Comparator
MUX
2:1 MUX
4:1 MUX
8:1 MUX
Applications of MUX
DEMUX
1:4 DEMUX
1:8 DEMUX
Applications of DEMUX
Decoder
2:4 Decoder
3:8 Decoder
Applications of Decoder
XOR Expansion
Unit 2 1
, A ⊕ B = AˉB + AB
ˉ
ˉ
A + AB = A + B
A + AB = A
Binary to BCD Converter
B3 B2 B1 B0 → D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D4 = B3 B2 + B3 B1
D3 = B3 Bˉ2 Bˉ1
D2 = B2 Bˉ3 + B2 B1
D1 = B3 B2 Bˉ1 + Bˉ3 B1
D0 = B0
BCD to Excess-3 (Add 3 to each no.)
E3 = D3 + D2 (D0 + D1 )
E2 = D2 Dˉ1 Dˉ0 + Dˉ2 (D0 + D1 )
E1 = Dˉ1 Dˉ0 + D1 D0
E0 = Dˉ0
BCD to Gray
G3 = D3
G2 = D2 + D3
G1 = D1 ⊕ D2
G0 = D1 ⊕ D0
Binary to Gray
G2 = B3
G2 = B3 ⊕ B2
G1 = B2 ⊕ B1
G0 = B1 ⊕ B0
Gray to BCD
D3 = G3
D2 = G3 ⊕ G2
D1 = G3 ⊕ G2 ⊕ G1
D0 = G3 ⊕ G2 ⊕ G1 ⊕ G0
OR
D4 = G3 Gˉ2 + G3 G1
D3 = G3 G2 Gˉ1
D2 = Gˉ3 G2 + G3 Gˉ2 Gˉ1
D1 = Gˉ3 G2 Gˉ1 + Gˉ2 G1
D0 = G3 ⊕ G2 ⊕ G1 ⊕ G0
Unit 2 2
Unit 2
XOR Expansion
Binary to BCD Converter
BCD to Excess-3 (Add 3 to each no.)
BCD to Gray
Binary to Gray
Gray to BCD
Excess 3 to BCD (Subtract 3)
Gray to Binary
Half Adder (Augend + Addend = Sum + Carry)
Full Adder
Half Subtractor (Minuend-Subtrahend=Difference+Borrow)
Full Subtractor
Parallel Adder
Parallel Subtractor
Parallel Adder + Subtractor
Carry Propagation Delay
4-bit Parallel Adder IC with Look Ahead
BCD Adder
BCD Subtractor
Suctraction Using 9’s Complement Method
9’s Complement
Subtraction Using 10’s Complement Method
10’s Complement
Look Ahead Carry Adder
Parity Generator and Parity Checker
Parity Generator
Odd Parity
Even Parity
Parity Checker
Odd Parity
Even Parity
Magnitude Comparator
MUX
2:1 MUX
4:1 MUX
8:1 MUX
Applications of MUX
DEMUX
1:4 DEMUX
1:8 DEMUX
Applications of DEMUX
Decoder
2:4 Decoder
3:8 Decoder
Applications of Decoder
XOR Expansion
Unit 2 1
, A ⊕ B = AˉB + AB
ˉ
ˉ
A + AB = A + B
A + AB = A
Binary to BCD Converter
B3 B2 B1 B0 → D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D4 = B3 B2 + B3 B1
D3 = B3 Bˉ2 Bˉ1
D2 = B2 Bˉ3 + B2 B1
D1 = B3 B2 Bˉ1 + Bˉ3 B1
D0 = B0
BCD to Excess-3 (Add 3 to each no.)
E3 = D3 + D2 (D0 + D1 )
E2 = D2 Dˉ1 Dˉ0 + Dˉ2 (D0 + D1 )
E1 = Dˉ1 Dˉ0 + D1 D0
E0 = Dˉ0
BCD to Gray
G3 = D3
G2 = D2 + D3
G1 = D1 ⊕ D2
G0 = D1 ⊕ D0
Binary to Gray
G2 = B3
G2 = B3 ⊕ B2
G1 = B2 ⊕ B1
G0 = B1 ⊕ B0
Gray to BCD
D3 = G3
D2 = G3 ⊕ G2
D1 = G3 ⊕ G2 ⊕ G1
D0 = G3 ⊕ G2 ⊕ G1 ⊕ G0
OR
D4 = G3 Gˉ2 + G3 G1
D3 = G3 G2 Gˉ1
D2 = Gˉ3 G2 + G3 Gˉ2 Gˉ1
D1 = Gˉ3 G2 Gˉ1 + Gˉ2 G1
D0 = G3 ⊕ G2 ⊕ G1 ⊕ G0
Unit 2 2