Chapter 1: The History of Mental Health Care
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the irrational soul co
belief of the more recent psychological theorist:
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and outside the p
advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice
Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book, D
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Early Years of Mental Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately recorded by prof
______________ for different abnormal behaviors.
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more accurate re
begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education regarding mental health disorders were not
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of medicine, and
greatly diminished by the French hospital director:
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea Dix crus
mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book, A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Car
President’s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. In 1841, _______________ surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United States, Can
credited with bringing about public awareness and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
, 5. As a direct result of Clifford Beers’ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the Committee for Men
1909 with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness
b. Education of caregivers
c. Current treatment options
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness
ANS: D
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he received for
hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the consciousness of people throughout the country regarding p
stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers, and current tre
mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a coma that cou
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Insulin therapy
c. Humoral therapy
d. Amphetamine therapy
ANS: B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s. Amphetamines wer
and electroconvulsive therapy was used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in an
a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most often used to trea
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Severe depression
d. Violent behavior
ANS: C
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this period, sch
insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was disc
bipolar disorder.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. In the early twentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent behaviors. Whic
procedure is accurate?
a. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain
b. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
c. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
d. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain
ANS: C
A frontal lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain are severed from the
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the irrational soul co
belief of the more recent psychological theorist:
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and outside the p
advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice
Nightingale nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book, D
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Early Years of Mental Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately recorded by prof
______________ for different abnormal behaviors.
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more accurate re
begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education regarding mental health disorders were not
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of medicine, and
greatly diminished by the French hospital director:
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea Dix crus
mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book, A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Car
President’s Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. In 1841, _______________ surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United States, Can
credited with bringing about public awareness and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
, 5. As a direct result of Clifford Beers’ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the Committee for Men
1909 with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness
b. Education of caregivers
c. Current treatment options
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness
ANS: D
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he received for
hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the consciousness of people throughout the country regarding p
stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers, and current tre
mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a coma that cou
a. Electroconvulsive therapy
b. Insulin therapy
c. Humoral therapy
d. Amphetamine therapy
ANS: B
Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s. Amphetamines wer
and electroconvulsive therapy was used for severe depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in an
a belief that mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most often used to trea
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Severe depression
d. Violent behavior
ANS: C
ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this period, sch
insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In 1949, lithium carbonate was disc
bipolar disorder.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. In the early twentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent behaviors. Whic
procedure is accurate?
a. A procedure that delivers an electrical stimulus to the frontal lobes of the brain
b. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
c. A surgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
d. A surgical procedure that inserts implants into the frontal lobes of the brain
ANS: C
A frontal lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain are severed from the
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 6 OBJ: 5
TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
