POSC 200 exam 1

characteristics of a nation state Answer- territoriality, sovereignty, autonomy what is a nation state Answer- fixed unites accepted by others, for example Gaza , Palestine, Isreal sovereignty definition Answer- unqualified and exclusive legal authority, as well as a monopoly IGO's definition Answer- intergovernmental organization, for example the United Nations main objectives of United Nations Answer- maintain international peace and security, harmonize actions of nations, promote cooperation and human rights differences between General Assembly and Security Council Answer- the GA is non- binding, the SC is binding and they can enforce their decisions. The SC also has veto power criticism of United Nations Answer- they're not as effective as they should be, they spread themselves too thin, and the Security Council has way too much power and doesn't represent the world correctly what was conceived from the Bretton Woods conference in 1944? Answer- the International Monetary Fund (IMF) What does the IMF do? Answer- promote international monetary cooperation, is a financial lending institute, it is controlled by the richest countries in the world and they can control economic policies that the country can use GATT and WTO similarities and differences Answer- WTO was born from the GATT, GATT was not an institutional foundation, the WTO is a permanent foundation and deals with trade, trade services, and protection of intellectual property rights Uruguay Round Answer- 8th round of multilateral trad enegotiations Doha Development Agenda Answer- current "round" of the WTO regarding increased global trade what are the 3 main bodies of the European Union? Answer- European commission- makes policies European Parliament- members elected European Court of Justice which European body takes precedence over national law? Answer- the European Court of Justice missions of NGO's Answer- to raise consciousness of certain issues promote new norms, promote more open societies what advantages do NGO's have that states don't? Answer- can have power of individuals and groups such as celebrities, smaller organizations, more flexible than governments what are disadvantages of NGO's? Answer- lack of communication and networking, lack transparency, can't enforce decisions, can't implement national policies To what extent have MNC's (multinational cooperation's) increased since the late 1960's? Answer- increased a large amount because of companies such as Apple, Starbucks, McCdonalds etc Pros of MNC's Answer- stimulate the economy, bring technology to a country Cons of MNC's Answer- they drive out local firms and businesses, almost monopoly like what is the CSR? (coorporate sector responsibility) Answer- incharge of improvement of companies/ coorporate responsibility, give back to communities What is globalization? Answer- more access to culture and the growing world through technology, traveling, news, and technology Keohane & Nye take on globalization Answer- think that it's not new, bu the speed and density of its progression is new characteristics of 4 historic periods of globalization Answer- 1500s- birth of globalization 1870- birth of modern economy after WW1 - Bretton woods conference and birth of national bank 1980-present- Japan became economic player what are some economic and financial manifestations of globalization? Answer- state sovereignty, state autonomy, territoriality cultural and social manifestations of globalization Answer- communication technology, new services, popular culture Marber's assessment of globalization Answer- optimistic; globalization advanced the world in 200 years more than it did in the past 2,000 without it, for example the standard of life 20 years ago was poverty Barber's assessment of globalization Answer- people are going to lash out because of globalization, will lash out and not want other cultures to be among their own, but ends by saying that democracy is our only option and it always works out Ghemawat's assessment of globalization Answer- globalization isn't as serious as everyone thinks, the connections being made are more personal not huge and global Annan's assessment of globalization Answer- it's irreversible and not an option Clash of Civilizations by Samuel Huntington Answer- all or most post-cold war conflict would fall along cultural faultines what is culture? Answer- set of shared and learned values, beliefs, perceptions, attitudes, modes of living, customs, etc weaknesses of Huntington's arguement Answer- it's a large generalization and a national interest strengths of Huntington's arguement Answer- his ideas/problems are still prevalent today what did Edward Said say about Huntington's argument? Answer- we have far less war then a century ago, were most likely not going to have another WW, we have an increased global population ethnic cleansing? Answer- getting rid of a certain ethnic group, like Hitler jihad Answer- a muslim war against non-believers general trends pertaining to global sentiment towards the US Answer- we are hypocritical and some people have issues with our identity when did the Arab-Isreali conflict begin? Answer- may 1948 main factors contributing to Arab-Isreali conflict Answer- British making false claims and promises; promised Arabs support if they helped fight Ottoman Empire, Arabs fought and defeated Ottoman Empire but promise from Britain was never fulfilled, (Hussein- McMahon Correspondence) the Sykes-Picot Agreement; between British and French dividing their territory The Balfour Declaration; promise from Britain that Zionists could establish Jewish home in Palestine, again false what is political zionism? Answer- by Alexander Herzel, movement to declare a Jewish state in Palestine UN Resolution 181- the Partition Plan Answer- state divided into Isreal (Jewish state) and Palestine (Christian and Muslim state) UN Resolution 242 Answer- Withdrawal Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in recent conflict and people that live in the state deserve right to live in peace with secure and recognizable boundaries military occupation Answer- control over a territory by the military Madrid Peace Conference Answer- set in motion negotiation between Israeli and Palestinian people Olso Peace Accords Answer- agreement signed and put in place for negotiations for the next 5 years first Intifada Answer- Palestinian resistance to Israeli occupation 6 day war Answer- Israeli captures remaining 20% of Palestine (Gaza Strip, Golan heights, West Bank, Siani Peninsula)