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Homeostatic control of body systems

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Unit 9: Homeostatic control of body systems In this assignment I will be providing an explanation of what homeostasis is, why it is necessary and how it occurs. As well as this, I will be providing a report about the homeostatic control of body systems which will include the regulation of temperature, blood glucose levels and osmoregulation. I will illustrate this report with detailed, annotated feedback diagrams describing and explaining where each hormone is secreted, how the hormones act on the target organs and the responses involved. My report will analyse and describe the consequences to human health that may result when homeostatic mechanisms do not work properly and will give a detailed explanation of how the homeostatic mechanisms are interrelated. The process by which an organism maintains a steady, stable environment despite changes in internal and external factors is known as homeostasis. Body temperature, blood glucose concentration, and water levels are all examples of that in the human body. Homeostasis is crucial because it maintains ideal conditions for enzyme functioning and all cell activities throughout the body. Homeostasis typically involves negative feedback loops that counteract changes of various properties from their target values, known as set points. 2 BTEC Assignment Brief v1.0 BTEC Internal Assessment QDAM January 2015 Negative feedback helps maintain a constant value called the set point. Negative feedback means that whenever a change occurs in a system, this automatically causes a corrective mechanism to start, which reverses the original change and brings the system back towards the set point I.e., normal. Positive feedback is when a change in the condition in the body causes effectors to amplify the change further away from normal. For example, childbirth. Thermoregulation Thermoregulation is one of the most important aspects of homeostasis. Thermoregulation is the method through which your body keeps its internal temperature constant. All thermoregulation mechanisms aim to bring your body back to homeostasis, or equilibrium. Endotherms (e.g., birds and mammals) rely on metabolic heat to keep their internal temperature steady. Ectotherms, such as lizards and snakes, do not need metabolic heat to keep their bodies warm; instead, they take on the temperature around them. Endotherms can adjust their metabolic heat production to keep their bodies warm. When the body's core temperature rises, the hypothalamus prompts responses that promote heat loss - vasodilation is caused by impulses transmitted along the parasympathetic nerves. Vasodilation helps the animal dissipate some of its excess heat to the environment by increasing blood flow to the skin. The smooth muscle wall of the arteriole relaxes during vasodilation., and the arteriole dilates, this means that less blood flows through the shunt vessel and causes more blood to flow through capillaries closer to the surface of the skin.

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HOMEOSTATIC CONTROL OF BODY SYSTEMS

BTEC Assignment Brief
Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Extended Certificate in Applied Science
Qualification
Pearson BTEC Level 3 National Extended Diploma in Applied Science
Unit 9: Human Regulation and Reproduction
Unit number and title


Learning aim(s) (For NQF only) B: Understand the homeostatic mechanisms used by the human body
Assignment title Homeostatic control of body systems

Assessor
WJA

Issue date
30/04/21

Hand in deadline
14/05/21



You have offered to volunteer for a UK charity who work to raise awareness and
provide patients with support and up-to-date, easy to understand information about
Vocational Scenario or
disorders of homeostasis. You have been assigned to research common homeostatic
Context
disorders and produce an illustrated report that details normal and abnormal functioning
of the endocrine system and the treatments available to address disorders.
Using correct scientific terminology, produce a detailed illustrated report for your
charity that includes:

 A clear explanation of what homeostasis is, why it is necessary and how it
occurs. The report must include the regulation of: Temperature (vasodilation
and vasoconstriction of arterioles, pili erector muscles, sweating and shivering),
Blood glucose levels (the role of alpha and beta cells in the Islets of
Langerhans and the liver), and osmoregulation (the role of nephrons, Cl-, Na+,
K+ ions and the hormones ADH, ANP, angiotensinogen and aldosterone).

 Illustrate your report with detailed, annotated feedback diagrams describing
Task and explaining where each hormone is secreted, how the hormones act on the
target organs and the responses involved.

 Your report must go on to analyse and describe the consequences to human
health that may result when homeostatic mechanisms do not work properly.
You must include at least one example for each of the 3 homeostatic
mechanisms studied e.g., dehydration, hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia,
diabetes, hypothermia or syndrome of inappropriate ADH. You must also
describe methods to correct the dysfunction and the homeostatic consequence
of the treatment.

 To finish your report, you should give a detailed explanation of how the
homeostatic mechanisms are interrelated, discussing the effects each system
has on the others and their overall impact upon human health.

Checklist of evidence An illustrated report that includes:
required  An explanation of what homeostasis is and why it is necessary.
 An explanation and annotated feedback diagrams of thermoregulation, water
balance and glucose levels including thorough consideration of the secretion of
different hormones and their mode of action on target organs and the responses
those organs then carry out.

,  An analysis of the effects of at least one dysfunction of each of the 3
homeostatic mechanisms of thermoregulation, water balance and glucose
levels.
 A discussion of the interrelation of homeostatic mechanisms and the impact
they have on each other.

Criteria covered by this task:
Unit/Criteria
To achieve the criteria, you must show that you are able to:
reference
B. D2 Analyse the impact of homeostatic dysfunction on the human body
B. M2 Explain the role of hormones in homeostatic mechanisms
B. P2 Describe how homeostatic mechanisms maintain normal function
Sources of information to http://www.livescience.com/26496-endocrine-system.html
support you with this
Assignment http://www.hormone.org/hormones-and-health/the-endocrine-system

http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.reg.bodycontrol/body-control-
center/

http://ats.doit.wisc.edu/biology/ap/ho/t1_a1.htm

http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/homeostasis_kidneys/kidneys6.cfm?
coSiteNavigation_allTopic=1

Other assessment materials
attached to this Assignment
Brief



Unit 9: Homeostatic control of body systems
In this assignment I will be providing an explanation of what homeostasis is, why it is necessary and how it
occurs. As well as this, I will be providing a report about the homeostatic control of body systems which will
include the regulation of temperature, blood glucose levels and osmoregulation. I will illustrate this report
with detailed, annotated feedback diagrams describing and explaining where each hormone is secreted, how
the hormones act on the target organs and the responses involved. My report will analyse and describe the
consequences to human health that may result when homeostatic mechanisms do not work properly and will
give a detailed explanation of how the homeostatic mechanisms are interrelated.


The process by which an organism maintains a steady, stable environment despite changes in internal and
external factors is known as homeostasis. Body temperature, blood glucose concentration, and water levels
are all examples of that in the human body.
Homeostasis is crucial because it maintains ideal conditions for enzyme functioning and all cell activities
throughout the body. Homeostasis typically involves negative feedback loops that counteract changes of
various properties from their target values, known as set points.


2
BTEC Assignment Brief v1.0
BTEC Internal Assessment QDAM January 2015

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