Module Code: PYC4802
Assignment number: 03
Unique Number: 649677
Surname and initials: De Beer, CM
Student Number: 14759764
, Table of content
Introduction................................................................................................................ 1
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Personality disorders.........................................
Cluster A................................................................................................................... 1
Paranoid Personality Disorder............................................................................1
Schizoid Personality Disorder.............................................................................2
Schizotypal Personality Disorder....................................................................... 2
Cluster B................................................................................................................... 3
Antisocial Personality Disorder...........................................................................3
Borderline Personality Disorder..........................................................................4
Histrionic Personality Disorder........................................................................... 4
Narcissistic Personality Disorder........................................................................5
Cluster C................................................................................................................... 5
Avoidant Personality Disorder............................................................................ 5
Dependent Personality Disorder........................................................................ 6
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder................................................... 6
Problems related to identifying Borderline Personality Disorder in
adolescents within the South African context....................................................
Short overview of the history of Borderline Personality Disorder..................7
Complexity of Borderline Personality Disorder................................................ 8
Comorbidity ..........................................................................................................9
Cultural Perspectives......................................................................................... 10
Problems related to diagnosing Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in
adolescents within the South African context....................................................
Stigmatization and the reluctance to diagnose..............................................10
Conclusion................................................................................................................12
References................................................................................................................ 13
Plagiarism Declaration ........................................................................................ 16
, Introduction
Each person behaves and thinks differently, our personality can be
distinguished by certain characteristics that can affect the way we function in a
environment (Burke et al., 2019). When these characteristics are maladaptive,
it can lead to impaired functioning of behavior (Burke et al., 2019). Personality
Disorders can therefore be defined as an altered state of behavior within
society, with regards to the way an individual thinks, interacts and views the
environment they live in (Burke et al., 2019). The goal of this essay is to give
an overview of the diagnostic criteria for Personality Disorders with an
emphasis on Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), particularly focusing on
problems related to identifying and diagnosing BPD in adolescents within the
South African context.
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Personality disorders
General Personality Disorder can be characterized by patterns that deviates
with regards to cognition, affectivity, functioning and the ability to control
impulses (APA, 2013 p. 646), where two or more are present, these
long-lasting patterns are stable, maladaptive and prevalent across personal
and social spheres, and can be detected in early adulthood (APA, 2013 p. 647).
These long-lasting patterns leads to impeded performance in prominent
domains of functioning, and should not be the result of another mental disorder
(APA, 2013 p. 647), and should not occur as a result of substances or a
medical condition (APA, 2013 p. 647). There are 10 personality disorders that
are divided into three clusters (Morrison, 2014).
-Cluster A
Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD)
This disorder is characterized by distrust, individuals who present with PPD
are highly suspicious of others and their motives (Morrison, 2014), jealous,
quarrelsome, and display distant, dispassionate behavior (Sperry, 2016) . PPD
diagnostic criteria: A: Prevalent suspicion and distrust towards other, viewing
their rationale as malicious, with initial onset in early adulthood being apparent
throughout various contexts (APA, 2013 p. 649), represented by four or more:
Individuals feel suspicious towards others, these individuals think others are
1
Assignment number: 03
Unique Number: 649677
Surname and initials: De Beer, CM
Student Number: 14759764
, Table of content
Introduction................................................................................................................ 1
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Personality disorders.........................................
Cluster A................................................................................................................... 1
Paranoid Personality Disorder............................................................................1
Schizoid Personality Disorder.............................................................................2
Schizotypal Personality Disorder....................................................................... 2
Cluster B................................................................................................................... 3
Antisocial Personality Disorder...........................................................................3
Borderline Personality Disorder..........................................................................4
Histrionic Personality Disorder........................................................................... 4
Narcissistic Personality Disorder........................................................................5
Cluster C................................................................................................................... 5
Avoidant Personality Disorder............................................................................ 5
Dependent Personality Disorder........................................................................ 6
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder................................................... 6
Problems related to identifying Borderline Personality Disorder in
adolescents within the South African context....................................................
Short overview of the history of Borderline Personality Disorder..................7
Complexity of Borderline Personality Disorder................................................ 8
Comorbidity ..........................................................................................................9
Cultural Perspectives......................................................................................... 10
Problems related to diagnosing Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in
adolescents within the South African context....................................................
Stigmatization and the reluctance to diagnose..............................................10
Conclusion................................................................................................................12
References................................................................................................................ 13
Plagiarism Declaration ........................................................................................ 16
, Introduction
Each person behaves and thinks differently, our personality can be
distinguished by certain characteristics that can affect the way we function in a
environment (Burke et al., 2019). When these characteristics are maladaptive,
it can lead to impaired functioning of behavior (Burke et al., 2019). Personality
Disorders can therefore be defined as an altered state of behavior within
society, with regards to the way an individual thinks, interacts and views the
environment they live in (Burke et al., 2019). The goal of this essay is to give
an overview of the diagnostic criteria for Personality Disorders with an
emphasis on Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), particularly focusing on
problems related to identifying and diagnosing BPD in adolescents within the
South African context.
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Personality disorders
General Personality Disorder can be characterized by patterns that deviates
with regards to cognition, affectivity, functioning and the ability to control
impulses (APA, 2013 p. 646), where two or more are present, these
long-lasting patterns are stable, maladaptive and prevalent across personal
and social spheres, and can be detected in early adulthood (APA, 2013 p. 647).
These long-lasting patterns leads to impeded performance in prominent
domains of functioning, and should not be the result of another mental disorder
(APA, 2013 p. 647), and should not occur as a result of substances or a
medical condition (APA, 2013 p. 647). There are 10 personality disorders that
are divided into three clusters (Morrison, 2014).
-Cluster A
Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD)
This disorder is characterized by distrust, individuals who present with PPD
are highly suspicious of others and their motives (Morrison, 2014), jealous,
quarrelsome, and display distant, dispassionate behavior (Sperry, 2016) . PPD
diagnostic criteria: A: Prevalent suspicion and distrust towards other, viewing
their rationale as malicious, with initial onset in early adulthood being apparent
throughout various contexts (APA, 2013 p. 649), represented by four or more:
Individuals feel suspicious towards others, these individuals think others are
1
