NUR 2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology
Final Exam Study Guide
Ischemia
(ANS- inadequate supply of blood flow to the tissue or organ; thus, resulting in a
limited nutrient & oxygen supply
will ischemia cause cells to grow or shrink?
(ANS- it will cause cells to shrink because they do not get enough
nutrients/oxygen for normal cell function
cells that undergo ischemia have an increased/decreased workload
(ANS- decreased
how often does ischemia lead to necrosis?
(ANS- about 95% of the time
atropy
(ANS- decreased workload of the cells causes the cells to shrink
example of atrophy
(ANS- someone who has a broken arm would have their arm in a cast & would not
be able to exercise (use) those muscles, therefore, the cells in those muscles would
shrink
Hypertrophy
(ANS- increased workload of the cells causes the cells to increase in size; the cells
are being overworked, we are demanding their use
example of positive hypertrophy
(ANS- body builder continuously working cells to build up body mass
example of negative hypertrophy
(ANS- the heart is overworked because of high blood pressure
, Hyperplasia
(ANS- increase in the number of cells
hyperplasia only occurs in what types of cells?
(ANS- epithelial cells
example of hyperplasia
(ANS- a wound healing or during menstruation
Metaplasia
(ANS-
- conversion of one cell type to another
- often caused when there is chronic irritation
example of metaplasia
(ANS- someone who is a chronic smoker will experience the cells in their
respiratory tract beginning to change
chronic irritation
(ANS- afflictive health conditions have been present for a while
Dysplasia
(ANS- - disorderly growth in cells
- all the cells have a different size, shape, & appearance
- often considered to be pre-cancerous cells
- very common in the respiratory tract & reproductive system
cell injury is often the result of what?
(ANS- when cells don't adapt
most diseases start with what?
(ANS- cell injury
if caught early enough, most cell injuries can be _____
(ANS- reversed
what do resistance & tolerance influence?
(ANS- the ability of the cell to survive
causes of cell injury
Final Exam Study Guide
Ischemia
(ANS- inadequate supply of blood flow to the tissue or organ; thus, resulting in a
limited nutrient & oxygen supply
will ischemia cause cells to grow or shrink?
(ANS- it will cause cells to shrink because they do not get enough
nutrients/oxygen for normal cell function
cells that undergo ischemia have an increased/decreased workload
(ANS- decreased
how often does ischemia lead to necrosis?
(ANS- about 95% of the time
atropy
(ANS- decreased workload of the cells causes the cells to shrink
example of atrophy
(ANS- someone who has a broken arm would have their arm in a cast & would not
be able to exercise (use) those muscles, therefore, the cells in those muscles would
shrink
Hypertrophy
(ANS- increased workload of the cells causes the cells to increase in size; the cells
are being overworked, we are demanding their use
example of positive hypertrophy
(ANS- body builder continuously working cells to build up body mass
example of negative hypertrophy
(ANS- the heart is overworked because of high blood pressure
, Hyperplasia
(ANS- increase in the number of cells
hyperplasia only occurs in what types of cells?
(ANS- epithelial cells
example of hyperplasia
(ANS- a wound healing or during menstruation
Metaplasia
(ANS-
- conversion of one cell type to another
- often caused when there is chronic irritation
example of metaplasia
(ANS- someone who is a chronic smoker will experience the cells in their
respiratory tract beginning to change
chronic irritation
(ANS- afflictive health conditions have been present for a while
Dysplasia
(ANS- - disorderly growth in cells
- all the cells have a different size, shape, & appearance
- often considered to be pre-cancerous cells
- very common in the respiratory tract & reproductive system
cell injury is often the result of what?
(ANS- when cells don't adapt
most diseases start with what?
(ANS- cell injury
if caught early enough, most cell injuries can be _____
(ANS- reversed
what do resistance & tolerance influence?
(ANS- the ability of the cell to survive
causes of cell injury
