Biological Psychology, 13th Edition, James W. Kalat Test Bank

Biological Psychology, 13th Edition, James W. Kalat Test Bank Chapter 01 1. Dendrites contain the nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other structures found in most cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 2. Neurons receive information and transmit it to other cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 3. Santiago Ramón y Cajal used special staining techniques to reveal that the brain is composed of individual cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 4. An efferent axon carries information away from a structure. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 5. The greater the surface area of a dendrite, the more information it can receive from other neurons. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 6. Neurons are distinguished from other cells by their shape. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 7. The role of glial cells is to act like “glue” or scaffolding to support the neurons. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 8. Glial cells transmit information across long distances. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 9. There are two types of glial cells that produce myelin sheath. In the central nervous system, Schwann cells fulfill this role and, in the periphery, oligodendrocytes produce it. Chapter 01 a. True b. False ANSWER: False 10. The blood-brain barrier is made up of closely packed glial cells. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 11. The difference in voltage in a resting neuron is called the resting potential. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 12. Increasing the electrical gradient for potassium will reduce the tendency for potassium ions to exit the neuron. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 13. At the resting potential, the potassium channels are completely closed and the sodium channels are almost closed. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 14. Dr. Skinner is working in the lab measuring the voltage of neurons, and during one condition, she tried to depolarize the neurons from -70 mV to -80 mV. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 15. Action potentials can be produced in the dendrites of some neurons. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 16. The two basic kinds of cells in the nervous system are _____. a. neurons and glia b. dendrites and axons c. ribosomes and lysosomes d. neurons and axons ANSWER: a Chapter 01 17. Santiago Ramon y Cajal demonstrated that ____. a. at rest, the neuron has a negative charge inside its membrane b. neurons are separate from one another c. neurons communicate at specialized junctions called synapses d. action potentials follow the all-or-none law ANSWER: b 18. Both ____ and ____ shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1906. a. Golgi and Cajal b. Cajal and Sherrington c. Sherrington and Golgi d. Cajal and Kalat ANSWER: a 19. Dr. Kimi studies the plasma membrane of neurons. He specifically researches the specialized _____ that allow in important things like water, oxygen, sodium, and so on. a. lipid channels b. protein channels c. lipid receptors d. protein receptors ANSWER: b 20. Neurons differ most strongly from other body cells in their ____. a. temperature b. shape c. osmotic pressure d. mitochondria ANSWER: b 21. What do neurons have that other cells do not? a. A plasma membrane b. Large, branching extensions c. Protein channels d. An endoplasmic reticulum ANSWER: b 22. Dr. McLaughlin’s lab studies how newly formed proteins are folded inside neurons. They would be most interested in studying the _____. a. endoplasmic reticulum b. mitochondria c. ribosomes d. nucleus ANSWER: c 23. Water, oxygen, and ____ freely flow across a cell membrane. a. calcium b. positively charged ions c. magnesium d. carbon dioxide ANSWER: d 24. The structure that contains a cell’s chromosomes is called the ____. a. endoplasmic reticulum b. nucleus c. mitochondrion d. ribosome ANSWER: b 25. Small, charged molecules can cross the cell membrane through ____. a. diffusion b. ribosomes c. mitochondria d. protein channels ANSWER: d 26. Professor Lopez studies the specialized _________ in the eye that detect light. a. motor neurons b. sensory neurons c. glial cells d. interneurons ANSWER: b 27. Ribosomes are the part of a cell that ____. a. performs metabolic activities b. breaks down harmful chemicals c. transports proteins d. synthesizes new proteins ANSWER: d 28. The endoplasmic reticulum is a ____. a. network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins b. site where the cell synthesizes new protein molecules