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Samenvatting H10 Nectar 4e ed vwo 5 FLEX leerboek, ISBN: 9789001736019 Biologie

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samenvatting Hoofdstuk 10: Voeding en Vertering

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Course
School year
5

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Hoofdstuk 10
Uploaded on
January 11, 2022
Number of pages
4
Written in
2020/2021
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H10: Voeding en vertering
Paragraaf 1: je lichaam en je voedsel
De darmflora zijn de 500-1000 verschillende soorten darmbacteriën in je lichaam.
Goede darmflora -> goede vertering, stimuleert ontlasting en speelt rol bij afweer

Zie afbeelding 1.

Bacteriën die je gezondheid bevorderen -> probotica

Onverteerbare plantenresten waar nuttige bacteriën van
in je darmen leven -> prebiotica

Voedingsmiddelen bestaan uit:

- Koolhydraten -> brandstof, bouwstof (onderdeel
receptoreiwitten)
- Vetten -> brandstof, bouwstof voor membranen en
hormonen, warmte-isolatie
- Eiwitten -> bouwstoffen (spiereiwitten, hemoglobine, antistoffen), brandstof
- Water -> bouwstof voor cellen, transportmiddel, warmtebuffer
- Mineralen -> bouwstof
- Vitaminen -> essentiële voedingsstoffen die het lichaam in kleine
hoeveelheden gebruikt. Tekort? -> gebreksziekten

Spoorelementen zijn mineralen waar je maar weinig van nodig hebt.

Voedingsvezels zijn onverteerbare plantaardige koolhydraatmoleculen, functie:
stimuleren van de darmperistaltiek. Te weinig? -> obsitatie .

Additieven zijn stoffen die zijn toegevoegd om het voedingsmiddel aantrekkelijker of
langer houdbaar te maken.




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