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Samenvatting Concepten van Data & Analytics

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Samenvatting Concepten van Data & Analytics in de richting advanced business management aan UCLL. Academiejaar

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Concepts of Data & Analytics
1 Quick Tour
1.1 What is this all about
AI-systeem
= system that performs a task that implies some intelligence or complexity
= optimaliseren van taken  we gebruiken regels om betere beslissingen te gaan nemen ≠ software
systeem

Machine learning
= AI gebruiken om AI te leren
= Derive rules from example data to get something done

Training
= we geven voorbeeld data aan onze software & de software komt met een model (voorbeeld om
input data om te zetten naar output data)

Deployment
= apply model on new data
= er word teen software gemaakt & mijn software geeft het resultaat

! Machine learning does not only learn from example data, it allows for far more complex models !
 Blackbox modellen = we begrijpen zelf de uitkomst niet meer

Welke problemen kan je oplossen met machine learning?
 Value estimation / regression = waarde voorspellen bv. Verkoop
 Classification = categorische variabele voorspellen bv. Diagnose
 Segmentation / clustering = observaties splitsen of groeperen bv. Customer segmentation
 Co-occurrence / association rule discovery = welke gebeurtenissen gebeuren samen?

Data mining
= het ontdekken van onbekende patronen in een datacollectie
 Machine learning is 1 van de manieren om aan data mining te doen.

Data analytics
= iets doen met die data, systeem bouwen rond die gegevens
 Descriptive = gaan beschrijven
 Exploratory = berekenen van correlaties / verbanden
 Confirmtory = vermoeden van verbanden & dit checken
 Predictive = voorspellen van data (machine learning)
 Prescriptive = wat moeten we gaan doen om betere resultaten te hebben?

Big data
= massieve integratie van heel veel verschillende soorten data om iets te gaan doen

Data science
= science about extracting knowledge and actionable insights
 AI, Machine learning, (Big) data analytics
 Robotics niet (aansturen wel)



1

, 1.2 What to do with it
 Find and validate patterns, links, relations in data
Why?
 Understand events
 Predict events

What are the 3 ways to create value from data analytics?
 Cost reduction
 Faster, better, decision making
 New products & services

2 The field of data analytics
2.1 The evolution of AI and the field of data analytics
Descriptive analysis
= beschrijven en samenvatten van gegevens

 Beschrijvende statistieken die de verdeling beschrijven (min, max, gem, mediaan, variantie,
standaardafwijking, kwantielen, scheefheid, …)
 Meer gedetailleerde informatie over de verdeling: histogram, verdeling functie in kaart
brengen

Exploratory analysis
= verken gegevens om nuttige inzichten te vinden

 Trends
 Correlaties tussen twee variabelen
 Correlaties tussen meer dan twee variabelen

Confirmatory analysis
= bevestiging van veronderstelde verbanden in gegevens met behulp van statistische technieken

 Modeltoetsing (controleren of gegevens in een verondersteld model passen)
 Vergelijking van variantie voor categorische gegevens

Predictive analytics
= een model afleiden uit gegevens met behulp van machine learning

 Clustering (zonder toezicht)
 Ontginning van associatieregels (zonder toezicht)
 Regressie (gecontroleerd)
 Classificatie (gecontroleerd)

Prescriptive analytics
= acties afleiden om te profiteren van de voorspellingen en de implicaties van dergelijke acties:

 Wat zal er gebeuren
 Wanneer gebeurt het
 Waarom gebeurt het




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