BIOS 255N Final Exam Study Guide APIII

BIOS 255N Final Exam Study Guide APIII Innate and adaptive systems, how they work and interact (Lymphatic System) • Innate (non specific)-defenses that are present at birth, 1)first line of defense are the physical and chemical barriers of the SKIN and mucous membranes, o Mechanical Defense-  Skin, mucous membranes, tears, saliva, mucus, cilia, epiglottis, urine flow, defecating, vomiting  Chemical Defense-  Sebum, lysozyme, gastric juice • 2) the second line of defense are the Internal defenses ;antimicrobial protiens, natural killer cells, phagocytes (Phagocyte (white blood) engulfs microbe), inflammation, and fever. Innate immunity responses represent immunity’s early warning system and are designed to prevent microbes from entering the body and to help eliminate those that do gain access. • They help each other because innate presents the T cell, once the pathogen is being killed or being rendered • Adaptive (specific) immunity refers to defenses that involve specific recognition of a microbe once it has breached the innate immunity defenses. Based on a specific response to a specific microbe, that is, it adapts or adjusts to handle a specific microbe. Involves lymphocytes called T cells and B cells. o Adaptive immunity has both specificity and memory and is divided into 2 types