Exam (elaborations) MENTAL HEALTH EVOLVE FOUNDATIONS AND MODES OF CARE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Mental Health EVOLVE FOUNDATIONS AND MODES OF CARE QUESTIONS1.A primary gain is always the reduction of anxiety. Gaining benefits from others is related to a secondary gain. Fulfillment of unconscious desires is unrelated to primary gains. Control of unacceptable impulses is unrelated to primary gains.2.Mental healthy person SATAOne who accepts agingOne who engages available strengthsOne who sustains positive relationships3.A mother and her three young children arrive at the mental health clinic. The woman says that she is seeking help in leaving her husband. She reports that he has been beating her foryears but just started hitting the children. What is thebestinitial action by the nurse?A: Arranging for a staff member to watch the children so the mother and nurse can talk.4.A nurse counseling a client on the inpatient psychiatric unit responds to a statement made bythe client by stating, "I'm confused about exactly what is upsetting you. Would you go over that again, please?" What is the nurse using?A: ClarifyingR: Clarifyingis an attempt to better understand the message intended by the client. It is utilized to gain a clearer understanding of what another person has stated. Structuring is an attempt to create order and thereby allow a client to become aware of problems. Confronting examines a discrepancy between what a person is saying and what a person does. It requires careful attention to nonverbal communication, as well as the discrepancies between the nonverbal and verbal messages. Paraphrasing allows the speaker to share how one person perceives and hearsanother's information. The nurse is not paraphrasing, but instead is attempting to better understand the client.5.Deaths that are perceived as preventable cause more guilt for the mourners and therefore increase the intensity and duration of the grieving process. Perceiving a death as preventable will not necessarily result in a pathological reaction, but it will usually make it harder to understand and accept the death.6.A nurse working in a crisis center understands that a crisis can best be defined as what?A: A threat to equilibriumR: Caplan's theory states that acrisisis an internal disturbance caused by a stressful event that alters the usual way of coping with a threat to the self; this temporarily disturbs the equilibrium of the person involved7.What does a psychiatric nurse identify as theprimarypurpose of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition(DSM-5)? A: Provide a classification of types of mental disorders and guidelines to aid in making a diagnosis.R: The prime purpose of theDSM-5is to serve the clinician as a guide in identifying a client’s mental health or psychiatric diagnosis. Although theDSM-5is useful in facilitating communication, the teaching of psychopathology, and the collection of accurate public health statistics, none of these are the primary purpose of this publication.8.A client who is to be discharged from an inpatient mental health facility is referred to a mentalhealth daycare center in the community. What should the nurse identify as theprimaryreason for this referral?A: MAINTAINING GAINS ACHIEVED DURING HOSPITALIZATIONR:The daycare center provides the client with a therapeutic setting for a few hours each day during the transitional stage between hospital and total discharge. The goal is to maintain and enhance progress made during inpatient treatment. Daycare treatment may improve social skills or allow the client to get out of the house for a few hours, but neither is its primary purpose. Avoiding direct confrontation with the community may help during the transition stage, but it is not the primary goal of daycare.9.What can the nurse do to help and older adult successfully complete erikson major task of this stage?A: DEVELOP A SENSE OF SATISFACTION WHEN CONSIDERING PAST ACHIEVEMENTS.R: Feeling a sense of satisfaction when considering past achievements allows the client to accept what life is or was and helps prevent feelings of despair. Investing creative energiesin promoting social welfare is the major task of middle adulthood (30 to 65 years). Developing deep, lasting relationships with other people or institutions is the major task of the young adult (20 to 30 years). Feeling a need to make up for past failings is a negative resolution of the major task of the older adult.10.POWERELESSNESS Anger is a common feeling when people do not have control over decisionsthat affect them. There is no information to indicate that the client is feeling hopeless, indecisive, or worthless.11.An inpatient therapy group on a psychiatric unit has as its goal helping clients participate in life more fully by gaining insight and changing behavior. The nurse leader can best help the group achieve this goal by using a leadership style that is what?A: DEMOCRATIC AND GUIDINGR: A democratic and guiding leader stimulates and directs the group to assist it in developing its maximal potential by facilitating and balancing the group's forces. An autocratic and directing leader makes most of the decisions and controls the group, thereby limiting group growth potential. A laissez-faire, observing leader allows group members to take over the group; if there are no members with leadership skills, little is gained from the group. A passive and non confrontational leader does not provide adequate leadership to make the group effective