ATI PRACTICE TEST EXAM QUESTION AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS {GRADED A}

ATI PRACTICE TEST EXAM QUESTION AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS {GRADED A} 1. A nurse is assessing a client who has gestational diabetes mellitus and is experiencing hyperglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Reports increased urinary output: Increased urinary output, nausea and vomiting, reports of thirst, abdominal pain, constipation, drowsiness, and headaches are manifestations of hyperglycemia. Other manifestations include weak rapid pulse, fruity breath odor, urine positive for sugar and acetone, and a blood glucose level greater than 200 mg/dL. Diaphoresis: Diaphoresis or clammy skin is a finding of hypoglycemia. Flushed, dry skin is a manifestation of hyperglycemia. Reports blurred vision: Blurred or double vision is a finding of hypoglycemia. A report of dim vision is a manifestation of hyperglycemia. Shallow respirations: Shallow respirations are a finding of hypoglycemia. Rapid breathing is a manifestation of hyperglycemia. 2. a nurse is caring for a client who is at 2 weeks of gestation and is HIV positive. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Administer penicillin G 2.4 million units IM to the client.: The nurse should administer penicillin G 2.4 million units IM to a client who has syphilis. Instruct the client to schedule an annual pelvic examination.: The nurse should instruct the client to schedule a pelvic examination every 6 months. Tell the client she will start medication for HIV immediately after delivery.: The nurse should tell the client that treatment for HIV will be during the prenatal and perinatal periods. Treatment with antiretroviral prophylaxis such as zidovudine, triple-drug antiretroviral therapy (ART), or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during pregnancy have been Report the client's condition to the local health department.: The nurse should report the condition to the local health department. HIV is one of the conditions on the list of Nationally Notifiable Infectious Conditions that is required to be reported. 3. A nurse is providing teaching for a pt who has a new RX for combined oral contraceptives. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as an adverse effect of this med? Depression: The nurse should instruct the client that depression is a common adverse effect of combined oral contraceptives. Other common adverse effects of the medication include amenorrhea, weight gain, headache, nausea, breakthrough bleeding, and breast tenderness. Polyuria: Fluid retention can occur due to an excess of estrogen. Polyuria is not a common adverse effect of the medication. Hypotension: Hypertension, rather than hypotension, is a common adverse effect of combined oral contraceptives. Urticaria: Urticaria is not a common adverse effect of combined oral contraceptives. 4. A nurse is providing teaching to a pt who is at 40 weeks of gestation and has a new RX for Misoprostol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? "I can administer oxytocin 4 hours after the insertion of the medication.": The nurse can administer oxytocin no sooner than 4 hr after the last dose of misoprostol. Oxytocin can be administered following misoprostol for clients who have cervical ripening and have not begun labor. "You will need a full bladder prior to the insertion of the medication.": The nurse should instruct the client to void prior to the administration of the medication. "Remain in a side-lying position for 15 minutes after the medication is inserted.": The nurse should instruct the client to remain in a side-lying position for 30 to 40 min after the insertion. "An antacid will be given 20 minutes prior to the insertion of the medication.": The nurse should avoid administering aluminum hydroxide and magnesium-containing antacids with misoprostol. 5. A nurse is caring for a prenatal pt who has parvovirus B19 (fifth disease). Which of the following actions should the nurse take? The nurse should schedule serial ultrasound examinations to monitor the fetus during the pregnancy to detect the possible development of fetal hydrops. 6. a nurse is preparing to collect a blood specimen from a newborn via a heel stick. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to help minimize the pain of the procedure for the newborn? Apply a cool pack for 10 min to the heel prior to the puncture.: A cool pack will constrict the blood vessels, making it more difficult to obtain an adequate specimen. The nurse should apply a warm pack prior to the puncture. Request a prescription for IM analgesic.: The pain experienced from a heel stick is too brief to warrant risking the adverse effects of parenteral analgesia. Use a manual lance blade to pierce the skin.: A spring-loaded, automatic puncture device is recommended to minimize pain by ensuring that the depth of the puncture is not too deep, avoiding injury to the newborn. Place the newborn skin to skin on the mother's chest.: Placing the newborn skin to skin on the mother's chest is an effective technique to significantly decrease the newborn's pain level and anxiety. The nurse should implement this technique before, during, and after the procedure. 7. a nurse is performing a vaginal examination on a pt who is in l