BIOL 3040 STUDY GUIDE II, PART A

BIOL 3040 STUDY GUIDE II, PART A BIOL 3040 STUDY GUIDE II, PART A Chapter 4 Synapomorphy: A character or trait that is shared by two or more taxonomic groups and is derived through evolution by a common ancestor. Homoplasy: Correspondence between parts or organs acquired as a result of parallel evolution or convergence. Homoplasy is analogous and can be due to convergent evolution 1. According to the tree below: a Species B is more closely related to species G than species A b Species B is equally related to species G and species A c Species B is more closely related to species A than to species G d Species B is the common ancestor of species A, H, F, and G e A and d are correct 2. Given the tree below, the similar body shape of Icthyosaurs and dolphins is best described as: (a) an example of convergent evolution (b) a homoplasious trait (c) an analogous trait (d) all of the above (e) none of the above 3. If species A and B are more closely related to each other than either is to species C, then species A and B must: (a) share a more recent common ancestor (b) be more similar physically overall (c) share more derived homologies (synapomorphies) (d) both a and c are correct (e) a, b, and c are all correct 4. Given the tree below, which statement(s) is/are correct?