Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Covering Chapter 21 - Diseases of the Respiratory System. Latest Updated version 2026/2027

Chapter 21 - Diseases of the Respiratory System
1. At what age is the male respiratory system fully mature?
a. 2 months
b. 14 years
c. 17 years
d. 20 years
e. 25 years
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

2. At what age is the female respiratory system fully mature?
a. 2 months
b. 14 years
c. 17 years
d. 20 years
e. 25 years
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

3. What is the term for an increase in size of the right ventricle of the heart caused by resistance to the passage of blood
through the lungs?
a. aerophagia
b. emphysema
c. cor pulmonale
d. pulmonary consolidation
e. orthopnea
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary

4. What is the term for an accumulation of fluid between the two outer membranes surrounding the lungs?
a. emphysema
b. pleural effusion
c. dyspnea
d. aspiration pneumonia
e. bronchitis
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary

5. What are the bubbly sounds called (heard via stethoscope) that may indicate pulmonary pathology?
a. rales
b. clubbing
c. percussion

, Chapter 21 - Diseases of the Respiratory System

d. auscultation
e. cor pulmonale
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary

6. What type of alveolar epithelium produces surfactant?
a. type I cells
b. type II cells
c. type III cells
d. goblet cells
e. acinar cells
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

7. How does pulse oximetry measure the oxygenation of arterial blood?
a. via x-rays
b. via ultrasound
c. via stethoscope
d. via light waves
e. via microphone
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

8. Oxygen saturation measures the amount of oxygen carried by the:
a. red blood cells
b. bronchioles
c. alveoli
d. capillaries
e. glomerulus
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

9. What vitamin is metabolized more quickly in smokers versus non-smokers?
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin B12
c. vitamin C
d. vitamin D
e. vitamin K
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s Remember
REFERENCES: Nutrition and Pulmonary Health