Chapter 18 - Diseases of the Renal System
1. What percentage of American adults have physiological evidence of chronic kidney disease?
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 20%
e. 25%
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Introduction
2. What is the functioning unit of the kidney called?
a. tubule
b. cortex
c. nephron
d. medulla
e. glomerulus
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
3. What is a build-up of nitrogenous waste products (such as urea) in the blood and body fluids called?
a. anemia
b. proteinuria
c. oliguria
d. azotemia
e. hematuria
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary
4. What is the term for blood in the urine?
a. anemia
b. proteinuria
c. oliguria
d. azotemia
e. hematuria
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary
5. What hormone influences the reabsorption of sodium within the kidneys?
a. aldosterone
b. vasopressin
c. cortisol
d. testosterone
, Chapter 18 - Diseases of the Renal System
e. epinephrine
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
6. What pituitary hormone works at the level of the collecting duct to either increase or decrease absorption of water in
order to maintain plasma volume and thus blood pressure?
a. aldosterone
b. vasopressin
c. cortisol
d. testosterone
e. epinephrine
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
7. What structure in the kidney collects the glomerular filtrate?
a. loop of Henle
b. efferent tubule
c. afferent tubule
d. Bowman’s capsule
e. distal tubule
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
8. What is often one of the first signs of renal insufficiency?
a. kidney pain
b. hematuria
c. microalbuminuria
d. increased urine output
e. low blood pressure
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
9. The onset of renal failure is not usually apparent until what percentage of renal function is lost?
a. 50-70%
b. about 40%
c. 20-30%
d. about 15%
e. 5-10%
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Chronic Kidney Disease
1. What percentage of American adults have physiological evidence of chronic kidney disease?
a. 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. 20%
e. 25%
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Introduction
2. What is the functioning unit of the kidney called?
a. tubule
b. cortex
c. nephron
d. medulla
e. glomerulus
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
3. What is a build-up of nitrogenous waste products (such as urea) in the blood and body fluids called?
a. anemia
b. proteinuria
c. oliguria
d. azotemia
e. hematuria
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary
4. What is the term for blood in the urine?
a. anemia
b. proteinuria
c. oliguria
d. azotemia
e. hematuria
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary
5. What hormone influences the reabsorption of sodium within the kidneys?
a. aldosterone
b. vasopressin
c. cortisol
d. testosterone
, Chapter 18 - Diseases of the Renal System
e. epinephrine
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
6. What pituitary hormone works at the level of the collecting duct to either increase or decrease absorption of water in
order to maintain plasma volume and thus blood pressure?
a. aldosterone
b. vasopressin
c. cortisol
d. testosterone
e. epinephrine
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
7. What structure in the kidney collects the glomerular filtrate?
a. loop of Henle
b. efferent tubule
c. afferent tubule
d. Bowman’s capsule
e. distal tubule
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
8. What is often one of the first signs of renal insufficiency?
a. kidney pain
b. hematuria
c. microalbuminuria
d. increased urine output
e. low blood pressure
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: The Kidneys
9. The onset of renal failure is not usually apparent until what percentage of renal function is lost?
a. 50-70%
b. about 40%
c. 20-30%
d. about 15%
e. 5-10%
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Chronic Kidney Disease
