A Comprehensive Exam Study Guide Covering Chapter 07 - Fluid and Electrolyte Balance. Latest Updated 2026/2027.

Chapter 07 - Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
1. What percentage of a typical adult male’s body is comprised of water?
a. 40%
b. 50%
c. 60%
d. 70%
e. 80%
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

2. What kind of tissue has the lowest percentage of water in the body?
a. muscle
b. fat
c. skin
d. connective
e. epithelial
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

3. How much of the body’s water is found within cells (intracellular fluid)?
a. 1/4
b. 1/3
c. 1/2
d. 2/3
e. 3/4
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

4. What is the best definition of diuresis?
a. the production of excessive amounts of urine
b. accumulation of edema within a joint
c. accumulation of edema within the abdomen
d. dehydration caused from excessive bleeding
e. kidney pain caused by stones
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary

5. What does hypokalemia mean?
a. high serum potassium
b. high serum calcium
c. low lymph calcium
d. low serum calcium
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, Chapter 07 - Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

e. low serum potassium
ANSWER: e
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Glossary

6. What is the term for abnormal fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity (often due to liver disease)?
a. diuresis
b. ascites
c. hypernatremia
d. water intoxication
e. edema
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

7. The force that pulls water across membranes is referred to as:
a. edema force
b. diffusion force
c. electrolyte force
d. osmotic pressure
e. gradient pressure
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

8. What percentage of bodyfluid is in plasma?
a. 0.05%
b. 1%
c. 6.6%
d. 9%
e. 14%
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

9. What is the normal range of osmolality for the blood?
a. 280 to 320 mOsm/kg H2O
b. 325 to 375 mOsm/kg H2O
c. 380 to 420 mOsm/kg H2O
d. 425 to 475 mOsm/kg H2O
e. 580 to 620 mOsm/kg H2O
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember
REFERENCES: Normal Anatomy and Physiology of Fluids and Electrolytes

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