Test Bank for Psychological Science 6th Edition Gazzaniga

Test Bank for Psychological Science 6th Edition Gazzaniga 1. A person who systematically gathers information so as to describe, predict, and explain abnormality is called a clinical: A) mentalist. B) legalist. C) scientist. D) practitioner. 2. If a person wants a career focused on detecting, assessing, and treating abnormal patterns of functioning, that person should look into becoming a clinical: A) practitioner. B) researcher. C) historian. D) statistician. 3. Which statement is the MOST accurate conclusion about the current state of abnormal psychology in the United States? A) There is no single definition of abnormality, no single theoretical understanding of the causes of mental illness, and no single best treatment. B) We do know what mental illness is, but we do not understand what causes it or the best way to treat it. C) We have not advanced much beyond the demonology era. D) Today, we understand what causes mental illness and how best to treat it; we can also define it. 4. Commonly accepted features of abnormality include deviance, distress, dysfunction, and: A) danger. B) docility. C) delusions. D) deference. 5. The MOST accurate summary of the field of abnormal psychology at the present time is that clinical psychologists generally: A) accept one definition of abnormality and practice one form of treatment. B) do not accept one definition of abnormality but practice one form of treatment. C) accept one definition of abnormality but practice more than one form of treatment. D) do not accept one definition of abnormality and practice more than one form of treatment. Page 4 6. The stated and unstated rules for proper conduct that a society establishes are referred to as: A) norms. B) culture. C) morality. D) conventions. 7. The history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology, and arts of a society make up that society's: A) laws. B) norms. C) culture. D) conventions. 8. Behavior that violates legal norms is BEST described as: A) deviant and criminal. B) distressful and criminal. C) deviant and psychopathological. D) distressful and psychopathological. 9. A school-age child is disrespectful and rude to her mother at a family outing. The MOST accurate description of this behavior is: A) deviant. B) criminal. C) dangerous. D) psychopathological. 10. Deviant behavior is behavior that: A) is illegal. B) violates the society's norms. C) is dangerous to self or others. D) causes dysfunction in the individual's life. 11. Aggressive behavior would NOT be viewed as abnormal behavior in a: A) society that values independence. B) culture that emphasizes competitiveness. C) family that has experienced a traumatic event. D) person who has exhibited this behavior since early childhood. Page 5 12. Which depressed person would be the LEAST likely to be diagnosed with a mental disorder, because of the specific circumstances present? A) Someone whose mother was depressed B) Someone whose community was recently destroyed by a hurricane C) Someone who was experiencing a chemical brain imbalance D) Someone who also had an alcohol use disorder 13. If a person experienced anxiety or depression following a significant natural disaster, we would say that the person was: A) suffering from a mental illness. B) deviant but not dangerous. C) exhibiting a typical reaction. D) statistically deviant. 14. Which of these individuals would be MOST likely to be classified as exhibiting abnormal behavior? A) A person who experiences grief immediately after losing her job and then her house B) A person who is nervous about shopping alone for weeks after being attacked by a mugger C) A person who always washes his hands immediately after returning home from grocery shopping D) A person who engages in multiple checking rituals each day and consequently is unable to hold down a job 15. Which statement about deviant behavior is TRUE? A) What is defined as deviant can change over time. B) What is considered deviant behavior is the same across all cultures. C) Deviant behavior is a precursor to psychologically abnormal behavior. D) People who engage in deviant behavior are always unaware that their behavior is deviant. 16. Morgan hears voices that others do not but is not distressed by them. This illustrates that: A) distress must always be used to determine abnormality. B) behavior that is not really dangerous can never be considered abnormal. C) distress does not have to be present for a person's behavior to be considered abnormal. D) behavior that is not distressful is not abnormal. Page 6 17. People who engage in frenetic, manic activity may not experience distress. Their behavior is: A) nevertheless considered abnormal. B) not abnormal because abnormality requires distress. C) illegal but not abnormal. D) no longer considered abnormal but was considered abnormal in the past. 18. Which statement about distress is TRUE? A) Distress is a subjective experience. B) Distress is always considered abnormal. C) Distress is more common in women than in men. D) Distress is always characterized overt, observable signs. 19. An individual has a 9-to-5 job. However, this person seldom gets up early enough to be at work on time and expresses great distress over this behavior. This individual's behavior would be considered abnormal because it is: A) disturbed. B) deviant. C) dysfunctional. D) dangerous. 20. Which aspect of the definition of abnormality includes the inability to care for oneself and work productively? A) Distress B) Deviance C) Dysfunction D) Danger to self or others 21. Which person would NOT be considered abnormal, despite the fact that the person's behavior is dysfunctional? A) Someone who is too confused to drive safely B) Someone who parties so much that he or she cannot go to class C) Someone who goes on a hunger strike to protest social injustice D) Someone who cannot stay alone for even one night Page 7 22. Just a few decades ago, a woman's love for racecar driving would have been considered abnormal. This statement illustrates that: A) abnormal thinking centers on fear. B) abnormality can be situational. C) everyone is a little eccentric. D) women are labeled as “abnormal” more frequently than are men. 23. When behavior prevents a person from participating in ordinary social interactions, that behavior is said to be: A) deviant. B) dangerous. C) distressing. D) dysfunctional. 24. A person who is having suicidal thoughts and can see no reason for living BEST fits which definition of abnormality? A) Deviance B) Distress C) Danger D) Dysfunction 25. A Secret Service agent steps in front of the president of the United States, prepared to be killed or injured if the president's safety is threatened. Psychologically speaking, the Secret Service agent's behavior is: A) functional but psychologically abnormal. B) functional and not psychologically abnormal. C) dysfunctional and psychologically abnormal. D) dysfunctional but not psychologically abnormal. 26. Research shows that danger to self or others is found in: A) all cases of abnormal functioning. B) most cases of abnormal functioning. C) some cases of abnormal functioning. D) no cases of abnormal functioning. 27. Despite popular misconceptions, most people with psychological problems are not: A) dysfunctional. B) dangerous. C) distressed. D) deviant. Page 8 28. According to Thomas Szasz's views, the deviations that some call mental illness are really: A) mental illness. B) problems in living. C) caused by one's early childhood experie