ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM
RETAKE 70 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for an infant who has pyloric stenosis. Which of the following clinical
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Visible peristalsis in the lower abdomen
B. Currant jelly-like stools
C. Projectile vomiting after feedings
D. Severe diarrhea
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by thickening of the pyloric
sphincter, leading to outlet obstruction and projectile vomiting. A palpable olive-shaped
mass in the right upper quadrant is also common.
2. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain a throat culture
B. Inspect the throat with a tongue blade
,C. Prepare for emergency airway management
D. Place the child in a supine position
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Epiglottitis is a medical emergency. The nurse should avoid any
throat examination which could trigger laryngospasm and instead prepare for intubation
or tracheostomy.
3. A child with cystic fibrosis is prescribed pancrelipase. How should the nurse instruct the
parents to administer this medication?
A. Give once daily in the morning
B. Administer 2 hours after meals
C. Give with every meal and snack
D. Mix with hot oatmeal or formula
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Pancreatic enzymes are necessary to aid digestion and must be
taken with all meals and snacks to ensure absorption of nutrients.
4. An infant with Tetralogy of Fallot experiences a hypercyanotic (tet) spell. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Administer high-flow oxygen via mask
B. Prepare for immediate administration of morphine
, C. Place the infant in a knee-chest position
D. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which helps reduce the right-to-left shunt and improves oxygenation during a tet spell.
5. A nurse is assessing a child with intussusception. Which of the following findings is
characteristic of this condition?
A. Steatorrhea
B. Ribbon-like stools
C. Stools mixed with blood and mucus
D. Hard, pebble-like stools
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Intussusception causes intestinal obstruction and ischemia,
resulting in ‘currant jelly’ stools, which are composed of blood and mucus.
6. A child is admitted with Nephrotic Syndrome. Which of the following diet orders should the
nurse anticipate?
A. Low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet
B. High-protein, high-calorie diet
C. Low-fat, low-carbohydrate diet
RETAKE 70 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for an infant who has pyloric stenosis. Which of the following clinical
findings should the nurse expect?
A. Visible peristalsis in the lower abdomen
B. Currant jelly-like stools
C. Projectile vomiting after feedings
D. Severe diarrhea
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by thickening of the pyloric
sphincter, leading to outlet obstruction and projectile vomiting. A palpable olive-shaped
mass in the right upper quadrant is also common.
2. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
A. Obtain a throat culture
B. Inspect the throat with a tongue blade
,C. Prepare for emergency airway management
D. Place the child in a supine position
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Epiglottitis is a medical emergency. The nurse should avoid any
throat examination which could trigger laryngospasm and instead prepare for intubation
or tracheostomy.
3. A child with cystic fibrosis is prescribed pancrelipase. How should the nurse instruct the
parents to administer this medication?
A. Give once daily in the morning
B. Administer 2 hours after meals
C. Give with every meal and snack
D. Mix with hot oatmeal or formula
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Pancreatic enzymes are necessary to aid digestion and must be
taken with all meals and snacks to ensure absorption of nutrients.
4. An infant with Tetralogy of Fallot experiences a hypercyanotic (tet) spell. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Administer high-flow oxygen via mask
B. Prepare for immediate administration of morphine
, C. Place the infant in a knee-chest position
D. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which helps reduce the right-to-left shunt and improves oxygenation during a tet spell.
5. A nurse is assessing a child with intussusception. Which of the following findings is
characteristic of this condition?
A. Steatorrhea
B. Ribbon-like stools
C. Stools mixed with blood and mucus
D. Hard, pebble-like stools
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Intussusception causes intestinal obstruction and ischemia,
resulting in ‘currant jelly’ stools, which are composed of blood and mucus.
6. A child is admitted with Nephrotic Syndrome. Which of the following diet orders should the
nurse anticipate?
A. Low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet
B. High-protein, high-calorie diet
C. Low-fat, low-carbohydrate diet
