MATERNAL CHILD NURSING 5TH EDITION
2026 MATERNAL HEALTH PREGNANCY
CARE LABOR AND DELIVERY STUDY GUIDE
◉ Part of the health assessment of a newborn is observing the
infant's breathing pattern. A full-term newborn's breathing pattern
is predominantly:
a. Abdominal with synchronous chest movements.
b. Chest breathing with nasal flaring.
c. Diaphragmatic with chest retraction.
d. Deep with a regular rhythm.
Answer: ANS: A
In normal infant respiration the chest and abdomen rise
synchronously, and breaths are shallow and irregular. Breathing
with nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress. Diaphragmatic
breathing with chest retraction is a sign of respiratory distress.
Infant breaths are not deep with a regular rhythm
◉ While assessing the newborn, the nurse should be aware that the
average expected apical pulse range of a full-term, quiet, alert
newborn is:
a. 80 to 100 beats/min. c. 120 to 160 beats/min.
,b. 100 to 120 beats/min. d. 150 to 180 beats/min.
Answer: ANS: C
The average infant heart rate while awake is 120 to 160 beats/min.
The newborn's heart rate may be about 85 to 100 beats/min while
sleeping. The infant's heart rate typically is a bit higher when alert
but quiet. A heart rate of 150 to 180 beats/min is typical when the
infant cries.
◉ A newborn is placed under a radiant heat warmer, and the nurse
evaluates the infant's body temperature every hour. Maintaining the
newborn's body temperature is important for preventing:
a. Respiratory depression. c. Tachycardia.
b. Cold stress. d. Vasoconstriction.
Answer: ANS: B
Loss of heat must be controlled to protect the infant from the
metabolic and physiologic effects of cold stress, and that is the
primary reason for placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer.
Cold stress results in an increased respiratory rate and
vasoconstriction.
◉ An African-American woman noticed some bruises on her
newborn girl's buttocks. She asks the nurse who spanked her
daughter. The nurse explains that these marks are called:
a. Lanugo. c. Nevus flammeus.
b. Vascular nevi. d. Mongolian spots.
, Answer: ANS: D
A Mongolian spot is a bluish black area of pigmentation that may
appear over any part of the exterior surface of the body. It is more
commonly noted on the back and buttocks and most frequently is
seen on infants whose ethnic origins are Mediterranean, Latin
American, Asian, or African. Lanugo is the fine, downy hair seen on a
term newborn. A vascular nevus, commonly called a strawberry
mark, is a type of capillary hemangioma. A nevus flammeus,
commonly called a port-wine stain, is most frequently found on the
face.
◉ While examining a newborn, the nurse notes uneven skin folds on
the buttocks and a click when performing the Ortolani maneuver.
The nurse recognizes these findings as a sign that the newborn
probably has:
a. Polydactyly. c. Hip dysplasia.
b. Clubfoot. d. Webbing
Answer: ANS: C
The Ortolani maneuver is used to detect the presence of hip
dysplasia. Polydactyly is the presence of extra digits. Clubfoot
(talipes equinovarus) is a deformity in which the foot turns inward
and is fixed in a plantar-flexion position. Webbing, or syndactyly, is a
fusing of the fingers or toes.
2026 MATERNAL HEALTH PREGNANCY
CARE LABOR AND DELIVERY STUDY GUIDE
◉ Part of the health assessment of a newborn is observing the
infant's breathing pattern. A full-term newborn's breathing pattern
is predominantly:
a. Abdominal with synchronous chest movements.
b. Chest breathing with nasal flaring.
c. Diaphragmatic with chest retraction.
d. Deep with a regular rhythm.
Answer: ANS: A
In normal infant respiration the chest and abdomen rise
synchronously, and breaths are shallow and irregular. Breathing
with nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress. Diaphragmatic
breathing with chest retraction is a sign of respiratory distress.
Infant breaths are not deep with a regular rhythm
◉ While assessing the newborn, the nurse should be aware that the
average expected apical pulse range of a full-term, quiet, alert
newborn is:
a. 80 to 100 beats/min. c. 120 to 160 beats/min.
,b. 100 to 120 beats/min. d. 150 to 180 beats/min.
Answer: ANS: C
The average infant heart rate while awake is 120 to 160 beats/min.
The newborn's heart rate may be about 85 to 100 beats/min while
sleeping. The infant's heart rate typically is a bit higher when alert
but quiet. A heart rate of 150 to 180 beats/min is typical when the
infant cries.
◉ A newborn is placed under a radiant heat warmer, and the nurse
evaluates the infant's body temperature every hour. Maintaining the
newborn's body temperature is important for preventing:
a. Respiratory depression. c. Tachycardia.
b. Cold stress. d. Vasoconstriction.
Answer: ANS: B
Loss of heat must be controlled to protect the infant from the
metabolic and physiologic effects of cold stress, and that is the
primary reason for placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer.
Cold stress results in an increased respiratory rate and
vasoconstriction.
◉ An African-American woman noticed some bruises on her
newborn girl's buttocks. She asks the nurse who spanked her
daughter. The nurse explains that these marks are called:
a. Lanugo. c. Nevus flammeus.
b. Vascular nevi. d. Mongolian spots.
, Answer: ANS: D
A Mongolian spot is a bluish black area of pigmentation that may
appear over any part of the exterior surface of the body. It is more
commonly noted on the back and buttocks and most frequently is
seen on infants whose ethnic origins are Mediterranean, Latin
American, Asian, or African. Lanugo is the fine, downy hair seen on a
term newborn. A vascular nevus, commonly called a strawberry
mark, is a type of capillary hemangioma. A nevus flammeus,
commonly called a port-wine stain, is most frequently found on the
face.
◉ While examining a newborn, the nurse notes uneven skin folds on
the buttocks and a click when performing the Ortolani maneuver.
The nurse recognizes these findings as a sign that the newborn
probably has:
a. Polydactyly. c. Hip dysplasia.
b. Clubfoot. d. Webbing
Answer: ANS: C
The Ortolani maneuver is used to detect the presence of hip
dysplasia. Polydactyly is the presence of extra digits. Clubfoot
(talipes equinovarus) is a deformity in which the foot turns inward
and is fixed in a plantar-flexion position. Webbing, or syndactyly, is a
fusing of the fingers or toes.
