Page 1 of 93
INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC AND IMAGING SCIENCES
AND PATIENT CARE, 8TH EDITION (ADLER, CARLTON,
STEWART) EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 EDITION
INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC AND IMAGING SCIENCES AND PATIENT CARE, 8TH
EDITION (ADLER, CARLTON, STEWART)
EXAMINATION
250 Multiple Choice Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: THE PROFESSION OF RADIOLOGIC & IMAGING SCIENCES (Questions 1-
25)
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image of internal structures is referred to
as:
A) Sonography
B) Radiography
C) Magnetic resonance imaging
D) Electrocardiography
E) Nuclear medicine
Rationale: Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by
passage of x-rays or gamma rays through the body . These records or images are
typically referred to as radiographs. Sonography uses sound waves, and MRI uses
magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses.
, Page 2 of 93
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging because
radiation has the ability to create ________ in human tissue, which can lead to
biochemical changes.
A) Ionizations
B) Radio waves
C) Sound waves
D) Thermal changes
E) Magnetic fields
Rationale: Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-rays, have the ability to
ionize atoms in matter . These ionizations can disrupt the composition of matter and are
capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should be provided to prevent
excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.
3. A physician who is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation may choose to
order any of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT:
A) Thermograms
B) Medical sonography
C) Magnetic resonance imaging
D) Radiography
E) Nuclear medicine
Rationale: Radiography involves the use of x-rays for the production of medical images .
Medical procedures such as thermograms, sonograms, and magnetic resonance scans
use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not produce ionizations in human
tissue.
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine.
Which of the following did Hippocrates emphasize?
A) The important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft
B) High ethical standards of conduct and rational explanations for disease
C) The use of bloodletting as a primary treatment
D) The belief that disease was caused by evil spirits
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E) The use of incantations and prayers for healing
Rationale: The Hippocratic Corpus emphasized rational and natural explanations for
the treatment of disease and rejected sorcery and magic . The Hippocratic oath still
governs the ethical conduct of physicians today.
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been
recorded. Modern medical research most likely focuses on:
A) Proper sanitation and public health
B) Immunology and the development of vaccines
C) Germ theory and infection
D) Human genes and genetic engineering
E) Surgical techniques
Rationale: Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will
continue for many years . The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers
promise of cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering,
important pharmaceuticals continue to be developed.
6. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays on which date?
A) January 1, 1896
B) November 8, 1895
C) December 22, 1895
D) March 15, 1896
E) October 10, 1901
Rationale: November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen
discovered x-rays . This accidental discovery is regarded as one of medicine's most
significant achievements. Roentgen later received the first Nobel Prize in Physics in
1901 for his discovery.
7. One of the most famous early x-ray images Roentgen created was an image of:
A) His laboratory assistant's foot
B) His wife's hand
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C) His own chest
D) A cadaver hand
E) A frog
Rationale: Roentgen created the famous image of the hand of his wife, Anna Bertha
Ludwig . This image demonstrated the ability of x-rays to penetrate soft tissue while
being absorbed by bone, revealing the skeletal structure beneath the skin.
8. Clara Barton is known for which contribution to the radiologic sciences?
A) Discovering x-rays
B) Establishing the first radiography program
C) Founding the American Red Cross
D) Developing the first x-ray tube
E) Creating the first mammography unit
Rationale: Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881 . The organization
supported the use of x-rays in military medicine during wartime, providing critical
imaging services to wounded soldiers.
9. The first radiologic technologist organization was established in 1920 and was
known as:
A) American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)
B) American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT)
C) American Association of Radiological Technicians
D) The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)
E) Society of Radiographers
Rationale: In 1920, the American Association of Radiological Technicians was
established . This organization later evolved into the American Society of Radiologic
Technologists (ASRT), which continues to represent the profession today.
10. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) was established to:
A) Provide continuing education for technologists
INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC AND IMAGING SCIENCES
AND PATIENT CARE, 8TH EDITION (ADLER, CARLTON,
STEWART) EXAM QUESTIONS LATEST VERSION QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 EDITION
INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC AND IMAGING SCIENCES AND PATIENT CARE, 8TH
EDITION (ADLER, CARLTON, STEWART)
EXAMINATION
250 Multiple Choice Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: THE PROFESSION OF RADIOLOGIC & IMAGING SCIENCES (Questions 1-
25)
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image of internal structures is referred to
as:
A) Sonography
B) Radiography
C) Magnetic resonance imaging
D) Electrocardiography
E) Nuclear medicine
Rationale: Radiography is the making of records of internal structures of the body by
passage of x-rays or gamma rays through the body . These records or images are
typically referred to as radiographs. Sonography uses sound waves, and MRI uses
magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses.
, Page 2 of 93
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging because
radiation has the ability to create ________ in human tissue, which can lead to
biochemical changes.
A) Ionizations
B) Radio waves
C) Sound waves
D) Thermal changes
E) Magnetic fields
Rationale: Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-rays, have the ability to
ionize atoms in matter . These ionizations can disrupt the composition of matter and are
capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should be provided to prevent
excessive exposure to ionizing radiation.
3. A physician who is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation may choose to
order any of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT:
A) Thermograms
B) Medical sonography
C) Magnetic resonance imaging
D) Radiography
E) Nuclear medicine
Rationale: Radiography involves the use of x-rays for the production of medical images .
Medical procedures such as thermograms, sonograms, and magnetic resonance scans
use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not produce ionizations in human
tissue.
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine.
Which of the following did Hippocrates emphasize?
A) The important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft
B) High ethical standards of conduct and rational explanations for disease
C) The use of bloodletting as a primary treatment
D) The belief that disease was caused by evil spirits
, Page 3 of 93
E) The use of incantations and prayers for healing
Rationale: The Hippocratic Corpus emphasized rational and natural explanations for
the treatment of disease and rejected sorcery and magic . The Hippocratic oath still
governs the ethical conduct of physicians today.
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been
recorded. Modern medical research most likely focuses on:
A) Proper sanitation and public health
B) Immunology and the development of vaccines
C) Germ theory and infection
D) Human genes and genetic engineering
E) Surgical techniques
Rationale: Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will
continue for many years . The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers
promise of cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering,
important pharmaceuticals continue to be developed.
6. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays on which date?
A) January 1, 1896
B) November 8, 1895
C) December 22, 1895
D) March 15, 1896
E) October 10, 1901
Rationale: November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen
discovered x-rays . This accidental discovery is regarded as one of medicine's most
significant achievements. Roentgen later received the first Nobel Prize in Physics in
1901 for his discovery.
7. One of the most famous early x-ray images Roentgen created was an image of:
A) His laboratory assistant's foot
B) His wife's hand
, Page 4 of 93
C) His own chest
D) A cadaver hand
E) A frog
Rationale: Roentgen created the famous image of the hand of his wife, Anna Bertha
Ludwig . This image demonstrated the ability of x-rays to penetrate soft tissue while
being absorbed by bone, revealing the skeletal structure beneath the skin.
8. Clara Barton is known for which contribution to the radiologic sciences?
A) Discovering x-rays
B) Establishing the first radiography program
C) Founding the American Red Cross
D) Developing the first x-ray tube
E) Creating the first mammography unit
Rationale: Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881 . The organization
supported the use of x-rays in military medicine during wartime, providing critical
imaging services to wounded soldiers.
9. The first radiologic technologist organization was established in 1920 and was
known as:
A) American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)
B) American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT)
C) American Association of Radiological Technicians
D) The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)
E) Society of Radiographers
Rationale: In 1920, the American Association of Radiological Technicians was
established . This organization later evolved into the American Society of Radiologic
Technologists (ASRT), which continues to represent the profession today.
10. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) was established to:
A) Provide continuing education for technologists
