NURSING 101 EXAM 1 2026 FINAL PAPER
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
◉ Q: How do nurses protect selves and pts?.
Answer: A: Knowledge and using appropriate PPE
◉ Q: How many pts acquire infections while in hospital.
Answer: A: 1 in 25 pts get infections in hospital
◉ Q: How many pts that get HAI, die?.
Answer: A: 1 in 9 pts get HAI and die
◉ Chain of Infection.
Answer: Infectious Agent, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Mode of
Transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible host
Nurses need to break the chain of reaction so infection does not
develop
◉ Microorganisms.
,Answer: Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa
◉ Potential to cause Disease.
Answer: Dose, Virulence, Susceptibility
◉ Defenses against Infection.
Answer: Normal flora (good bacteria in body)
Body systems (tearing in eyes, urination, pH of vagina, etc)
Inflammation - local (swelling, redness, heat, pain)
systemic - fever, nausea, vomiting, organ failure
◉ Stages of Inflammation.
Answer: Vascular and Cellular response
Formation of Inflammatory Exudate (drainage)
tissue repair
serous
sanguineous (blood)
purulent (pusy)
◉ Reservoir.
Answer: body is most common reservoir
, organisms need proper environment (food, o2, water, temperature,
pH, darkness)
◉ Portal of Exit from Reservoir.
Answer: skin and mucous membrane, respiratory tract, urinary
tract, GI tract, reproductive tract, blood
◉ Mode of Transmission.
Answer: Direct vs Indirect (direct=body fluids, indirect=in air or
inanimate objects)
airborne
vehicles (food/water, drugs, contaminated objects)
vector (mosquitos, ticks, bats)
◉ Portal of Entry.
Answer: same in as out
◉ Susceptible host influencing factors.
Answer: age, nutrition (protein impt for healing), chronic disease,
trauma, smoking, antibiotic resistance, stress
◉ Pts can.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
◉ Q: How do nurses protect selves and pts?.
Answer: A: Knowledge and using appropriate PPE
◉ Q: How many pts acquire infections while in hospital.
Answer: A: 1 in 25 pts get infections in hospital
◉ Q: How many pts that get HAI, die?.
Answer: A: 1 in 9 pts get HAI and die
◉ Chain of Infection.
Answer: Infectious Agent, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Mode of
Transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible host
Nurses need to break the chain of reaction so infection does not
develop
◉ Microorganisms.
,Answer: Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa
◉ Potential to cause Disease.
Answer: Dose, Virulence, Susceptibility
◉ Defenses against Infection.
Answer: Normal flora (good bacteria in body)
Body systems (tearing in eyes, urination, pH of vagina, etc)
Inflammation - local (swelling, redness, heat, pain)
systemic - fever, nausea, vomiting, organ failure
◉ Stages of Inflammation.
Answer: Vascular and Cellular response
Formation of Inflammatory Exudate (drainage)
tissue repair
serous
sanguineous (blood)
purulent (pusy)
◉ Reservoir.
Answer: body is most common reservoir
, organisms need proper environment (food, o2, water, temperature,
pH, darkness)
◉ Portal of Exit from Reservoir.
Answer: skin and mucous membrane, respiratory tract, urinary
tract, GI tract, reproductive tract, blood
◉ Mode of Transmission.
Answer: Direct vs Indirect (direct=body fluids, indirect=in air or
inanimate objects)
airborne
vehicles (food/water, drugs, contaminated objects)
vector (mosquitos, ticks, bats)
◉ Portal of Entry.
Answer: same in as out
◉ Susceptible host influencing factors.
Answer: age, nutrition (protein impt for healing), chronic disease,
trauma, smoking, antibiotic resistance, stress
◉ Pts can.
