FOUNDATIONS OF CRITICAL CARE NURSING (FCCN) LEVEL 1 - MAYO CLINIC STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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FOUNDATIONS OF CRITICAL CARE NURSING (FCCN) LEVEL 1 - MAYO CLINIC STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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FOUNDATIONS OF CRITICAL CARE NURSING (FCCN) LEVEL 1 - MAYO CLINIC STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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FOUNDATIONS OF CRITICAL CARE
NURSING (FCCN) LEVEL 1 - MAYO
CLINIC STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS

PaO2bdefinitionbandbvalueb-bans-
Partialbpressurebofboxygenbinbthebblood,bnormalbvaluebisb70btob100.

SaO2bdefinitionbandbvalueb-bans-
Oxygenbsaturation,bthebamountbofboxygenbcarriedbbybthebredbbloodbcells,bnorm
albvaluebisb92%btob100%

pHbdefinitionbandbvalueb-bans-Overallbreflectionbofbacid-
basebbalancebinbthebbody,bnormalbvaluebisb7.35btob7.45.

PaCO2bdefinitionbandbvalueb-bans-Acidbby-
productbofbcellbmetabolismbthatbdrivesbandbreflectsbventilation,bnormalbvaluebisb
35btob45.

HCO3bdefinitionbandbvalueb-bans-
Basebthatbassistsbinbremovingbexcessbacids,bnormalbvaluebisb22btob26.

WhatbarebthebindicationsbtobdrawbanbABG?b-bans--
bsomnolenceborbchangebinblevelbofbconsciousnessb
-brespiratorybdecompensation
-bmetabolicbimbalances
-bevaluationbofbchangesbtobrespiratorybstatusborbmonitoringbventilatorbsettings

Whatbarebtheblabbvaluesbindicatingbacidosis?b-bans--bpHblessbthanb7.35
-bPaCO2bgreaterbthanb45
-bHCO3blessbthanb22

Whatbarebtheblabbvaluesbindicatingbalkalosis?b-bans--bpHbgreaterbthanb7.45b
-bPaCO2blessbthanb35
-bHCO3bgreaterbthanb26

Whatbvaluesbindicatebhypoxemia?b-bans--bPaO2bofblessbthanb70
-bSaO2bofblessbthanb92%

,Whatbvaluebindicatesbexcessiveboxygenbtherapy?b-bans-PaO2bgreaterbthanb100

Whatbisbcompensation?b-bans-
ThebbodybtriesbtobreturnbpHbtobnormalbwhenbCO2borbHCO3blevelsbcausebanbi
mbalance

Whatblabbvaluebshowsbfullbcompensation?b-bans-AbnormalbpH

Whatbindicatesbpartialbcompensation?b-bans-
WhenbthebpHbisbnotbfullybnormalized

Howbdobwebdecidebwhatbtypebofbimbalancebitbisbifbthebbodybisbfullybcompensat
ed?b-bans-DecidebifbthebpHbvaluebisbcloserbtobthebacidoticborbalkaloticbvalue

Causes,bassessment,bandbtreatmentbofbrespiratorybacidosisb-bans--
bcausedbbybretainingbCO2bfrombhypoventilation
-bpresentsbasbabheadache,btachycardia,bconfusion,borbrestlessness
-btreatedbbybimprovingbventilation

Howbdoesbthebbodybcompensatebforbrespiratorybacidosis?b-bans-
ThebkidneysbworkbslowlybtobretainbHCO3

Causes,bassessment,bandbtreatmentbofbrespiratorybalkalosisb-bans--
bcausedbbybblowingboffbtoobmuchbCO2bduringbhyperventilation
-bpresentsbasbheadache,btachycardia,bconfusion,borbrestlessness
-
btreatedbbybdecreasingbtidalbvolume,brelievingbanxiety,bcontrollingbpain,bandbcorr
ectingbhypoxia

Howbdoesbthebbodybcompensatebforbrespiratorybalkalosis?b-bans-
ThebkidneysbworkbslowlybtobexcretebHCO3

Causes,bassessment,bandbtreatmentbofbmetabolicbacidosisb-bans--
bcausedbbybabnormalbmetabolism,bincreasedbacidbretention,bandbdecreasedbHC
O3
-bpresentsbasbKussmaulbrespirations,btachycardia,bheadache,bweakness,bnausea/
vomiting,borbabdominalbpain
-
btreatedbbybcorrectingbrenalbfailure,bHCO3breplacement,bcontrolbdiarrhea,bandbi
mprovingbperfusion

Howbdoesbthebbodybcompensatebforbmetabolicbacidosis?b-bans-
TheblungsbworkbquicklybtobblowbofbexcessbCO2bwithbhyperventilation

, Causes,bassessment,bandbtreatmentbofbmetabolicbalkalosisb-bans--
bcausedbbyblosingbacidbbybvomitingborbNGbsuction,bK+borbCl-
blossbresultingbinbretainingbbases,bandbincreasedbHCO3
-bpresentsbasbconfusion,bmusclebcramps,borbshallowbrespirations
-btreatedbbybrestoringbfluidsbandbelectrolytesbandblimitingbalkalinebintake

Howbdoesbthebbodybcompensatebforbmetabolicbalkalosis?b-bans-
TheblungsbworkbtobholdbontobCO2bbybcausingbhypoventilation

WhatbarebthebconsequencesbofbablowbpH?b-bans-
Cardiacbcontractionsbdecreasebandbsobdoesbthebvascularbresponsebtobcatechola
minesbandbdrugsbinbthebbody

WhatbarebthebconsequencesbofbabhighbpH?b-bans-
Impairsbtheboxygenationbofbtissuesbandbneuromuscularbfunction

Whatbconditionsbcausebrespiratorybalkalosis?b-bans--banxietybattacks
-busebofbstimulants
-bhighblevelsbofbpain
-biatrogenicbcauses
-bhypoxemia
-bfever
-bsepsis
-bsalicylatebpoisoning
-bpregnancy
-bpulmonarybedema
-bpulmonarybvascularbdisease

Whatbconditionsbcausebmetabolicbacidosis?b-bans--bDKA
-bstarvation
-bshock
-blacticbacidosis
-brenalbfailure
-bsalicylatebtoxicity
-bdiarrhea
-bpancreaticborbintestinalbfistula
-bCl-bretentionbfrombTPN

Whatbconditionsbcausebrespiratorybacidosis?b-bans--bCNSbdepression
-banalgesicsbandbsedatives
-bpneumonia
-bCOPD
-bneuromuscularbdisease
-bpneumothorax
-bpulmonarybembolism
-bobesity

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Uploaded on: August 18, 2026
Number of pages: 26
Written in: 2026/2027
Type: Exam (elaborations)
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