NUR 330 Final Exam | Practice Q&A | 2026/2027 | Nursing | ASU |
Graded A+
1. A nursing student is reviewing the history of the nursing profession. Which
individual is credited with founding the American Red Cross?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Lillian Wald
Correct Answer: Clara Barton
Rationale: Clara Barton is known as the founder of the American Red Cross.
Florence Nightingale is known for sanitation reform, Dorothea Dix advocated
for the mentally ill, and Lillian Wald founded public health nursing. Each
made distinct contributions to nursing and healthcare.
2. A nurse is preparing a presentation on the evolution of nursing education.
Which event marked the beginning of formal nursing education in the United
States?
A) The establishment of the first nursing school based on Nightingale's
principles
B) The publication of the first nursing textbook
C) The creation of the American Nurses Association
D) The passage of the Nurse Practice Act
Correct Answer: The establishment of the first nursing school based on
Nightingale's principles
,Rationale: Formal nursing education in the U.S. began with the establishment
of nursing schools based on Florence Nightingale's principles. The ANA was
founded later, and the Nurse Practice Act and textbooks came afterward.
3. A nurse is reviewing the American Nurses Association (ANA) definition of
nursing. Which activity best reflects the ANA's description of nursing as the
"diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health
problems"?
A) Administering a prescribed antibiotic to a client with pneumonia
B) Diagnosing a client with a feeding tube as being at risk for aspiration
C) Establishing protocols for treating patients in the emergency department
D) Treating dysrhythmias that occur in a patient in the coronary care unit
Correct Answer: Diagnosing a client with a feeding tube as being at risk for
aspiration
Rationale: The ANA defines nursing as diagnosing and treating human
responses to health problems. Identifying a risk for aspiration is a nursing
diagnosis, which is a human response. The other options involve medical
diagnosis, protocol development, or medical treatment.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is refusing a life-saving blood transfusion
due to religious beliefs. The nurse supports the client's decision and does not
coerce the client. This action best demonstrates which ethical principle?
A) Beneficence
B) Nonmaleficence
C) Autonomy
D) Justice
Correct Answer: Autonomy
,Rationale: Autonomy respects a client's right to make their own healthcare
decisions. By supporting the client's refusal, the nurse upholds autonomy.
Beneficence is the duty to do good, nonmaleficence is the duty to do no
harm, and justice is fairness.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is in pain. The nurse administers a
prescribed analgesic to relieve the client's suffering. This action best
demonstrates which ethical principle?
A) Autonomy
B) Beneficence
C) Nonmaleficence
D) Justice
Correct Answer: Beneficence
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to do good and promote the well-being of
others. Administering an analgesic to relieve pain is an act of beneficence.
Autonomy respects client decisions, nonmaleficence is avoiding harm, and
justice is fairness.
6. A nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma involving a client's end-of-life
care. According to the ethical decision-making model, which step should the
nurse take immediately after identifying the ethical problem?
A) Consult with the hospital ethics committee
B) Implement the chosen course of action
C) Evaluate the outcomes of the decision
D) Gather relevant information and identify stakeholders
Correct Answer: Gather relevant information and identify stakeholders
, Rationale: The ethical decision-making model proceeds systematically:
identify the problem, gather information and identify stakeholders, explore
alternatives, choose a course of action, implement it, and evaluate
outcomes. Consulting the ethics committee is not the immediate next step.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and notices the
prescription is for a dose that is ten times the standard maximum dose. What
is the nurse's best action?
A) Administer the medication as prescribed
B) Administer the medication and document the order
C) Contact the prescribing provider to clarify the order
D) Ask a colleague what they would do in this situation
Correct Answer: Contact the prescribing provider to clarify the order
Rationale: The nurse has a legal and professional duty to question any order
that appears unsafe. Contacting the provider to clarify the order is the
appropriate action. The nurse should never administer a medication they
believe is unsafe.
8. A client is scheduled for a surgical procedure and has signed the informed
consent form. The nurse determines the client does not understand the risks
of the procedure. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Proceed with the surgery since the consent is signed
B) Explain the risks to the client themselves
C) Notify the surgeon that the client needs further explanation
D) Have the family member explain the procedure to the client
Correct Answer: Notify the surgeon that the client needs further explanation
Graded A+
1. A nursing student is reviewing the history of the nursing profession. Which
individual is credited with founding the American Red Cross?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Lillian Wald
Correct Answer: Clara Barton
Rationale: Clara Barton is known as the founder of the American Red Cross.
Florence Nightingale is known for sanitation reform, Dorothea Dix advocated
for the mentally ill, and Lillian Wald founded public health nursing. Each
made distinct contributions to nursing and healthcare.
2. A nurse is preparing a presentation on the evolution of nursing education.
Which event marked the beginning of formal nursing education in the United
States?
A) The establishment of the first nursing school based on Nightingale's
principles
B) The publication of the first nursing textbook
C) The creation of the American Nurses Association
D) The passage of the Nurse Practice Act
Correct Answer: The establishment of the first nursing school based on
Nightingale's principles
,Rationale: Formal nursing education in the U.S. began with the establishment
of nursing schools based on Florence Nightingale's principles. The ANA was
founded later, and the Nurse Practice Act and textbooks came afterward.
3. A nurse is reviewing the American Nurses Association (ANA) definition of
nursing. Which activity best reflects the ANA's description of nursing as the
"diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health
problems"?
A) Administering a prescribed antibiotic to a client with pneumonia
B) Diagnosing a client with a feeding tube as being at risk for aspiration
C) Establishing protocols for treating patients in the emergency department
D) Treating dysrhythmias that occur in a patient in the coronary care unit
Correct Answer: Diagnosing a client with a feeding tube as being at risk for
aspiration
Rationale: The ANA defines nursing as diagnosing and treating human
responses to health problems. Identifying a risk for aspiration is a nursing
diagnosis, which is a human response. The other options involve medical
diagnosis, protocol development, or medical treatment.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is refusing a life-saving blood transfusion
due to religious beliefs. The nurse supports the client's decision and does not
coerce the client. This action best demonstrates which ethical principle?
A) Beneficence
B) Nonmaleficence
C) Autonomy
D) Justice
Correct Answer: Autonomy
,Rationale: Autonomy respects a client's right to make their own healthcare
decisions. By supporting the client's refusal, the nurse upholds autonomy.
Beneficence is the duty to do good, nonmaleficence is the duty to do no
harm, and justice is fairness.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is in pain. The nurse administers a
prescribed analgesic to relieve the client's suffering. This action best
demonstrates which ethical principle?
A) Autonomy
B) Beneficence
C) Nonmaleficence
D) Justice
Correct Answer: Beneficence
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to do good and promote the well-being of
others. Administering an analgesic to relieve pain is an act of beneficence.
Autonomy respects client decisions, nonmaleficence is avoiding harm, and
justice is fairness.
6. A nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma involving a client's end-of-life
care. According to the ethical decision-making model, which step should the
nurse take immediately after identifying the ethical problem?
A) Consult with the hospital ethics committee
B) Implement the chosen course of action
C) Evaluate the outcomes of the decision
D) Gather relevant information and identify stakeholders
Correct Answer: Gather relevant information and identify stakeholders
, Rationale: The ethical decision-making model proceeds systematically:
identify the problem, gather information and identify stakeholders, explore
alternatives, choose a course of action, implement it, and evaluate
outcomes. Consulting the ethics committee is not the immediate next step.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and notices the
prescription is for a dose that is ten times the standard maximum dose. What
is the nurse's best action?
A) Administer the medication as prescribed
B) Administer the medication and document the order
C) Contact the prescribing provider to clarify the order
D) Ask a colleague what they would do in this situation
Correct Answer: Contact the prescribing provider to clarify the order
Rationale: The nurse has a legal and professional duty to question any order
that appears unsafe. Contacting the provider to clarify the order is the
appropriate action. The nurse should never administer a medication they
believe is unsafe.
8. A client is scheduled for a surgical procedure and has signed the informed
consent form. The nurse determines the client does not understand the risks
of the procedure. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Proceed with the surgery since the consent is signed
B) Explain the risks to the client themselves
C) Notify the surgeon that the client needs further explanation
D) Have the family member explain the procedure to the client
Correct Answer: Notify the surgeon that the client needs further explanation
