GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
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1. Choose the FALSE statement. B- Time zones are 15° of
latitude wide
A- Time zones are set in relation to the time at which
the astronomical observatory in Greenwich, England.
B- Time zones are 15° of latitude wide.
C- Denver (105°W longitude, 40°N latitude) is seven
time zones away from Greenwich, England (0° longi-
tude, 51°N latitude).
D- The second is defined in terms of energy changes
within the cesium atom.
2. Before the development of isotopic dating methods, C- Determining the time it
scientists estimated the age of the earth using each takes to create fossils like
of the following EXCEPT sharks' teeth.
A- Counting generations in the Bible.
B- Comparing rates of change on Earth's surface today
with the geologic record.
C- Determining the time it takes to create fossils like
sharks' teeth.
D- Estimating evolution rates from the fossil record.
3. Choose the FALSE statement. B- Charles Lyell correctly
explained how fossils form
A- James Hutton, the father of geology, introduced the and formulated some of
principle of uniformitarianism. the basic principles of rel-
B- Charles Lyell correctly explained how fossils form ative dating.
and formulated some of the basic principles of relative
dating.
C- Henri Becquerel discovered principles of radioactiv-
ity, which led to the determination of Earth's age.
D- Archbishop James Ussher added up generations of
, GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5fsj2q
patriarchs in the Bible and concluded the birth date of
Earth was October 23, 4004 B.C.E.
4. Choose the FALSE statement. Nicolas Steno's observa- A- the physical process-
tions of fossil shark teeth convinced him that es that produce geologic
features of today operat-
A- the physical processes that produce geologic fea- ed in the past to produce
tures of today operated in the past to produce the the same types of geolog-
same types of geologic features. ic features.
B- these were teeth of ancient sharks, not tongues of
mythical dragons.
C- the rock they were in originated as loose sand, not
solid rock.
D- geologic features develop by a series of events over
periods of time longer than human history.
5. Uniformitarianism C- is illustrated by sci-
entists' seeing pillow lave
A- means Earth's surface-its oceans, continents, and form only underwater,
atmosphere-have always been the same and always then theorizing that pil-
will be the same. low lava found high in the
B- is an outdated theory that states catastrophes like mountains today did nev-
major volcanic eruptions no longer happen. ertheless form underwa-
C- is illustrated by scientists' seeing pillow lave form ter.
only underwater, then theorizing that pillow lava
found high in the mountains today did nevertheless
form underwater.
D- means neither the scientific past nor future should
be predicted because physical laws change over time.
6. An area of slightly dipping sedimentary rock layers D- The dike is older than
has large inclusions and is intruded by an igneous the sedimentary rock lay-
dike. Apply the basic principles for determining rela- ers it cuts across.
, GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5fsj2q
tive ages and identify the FALSE statement.
A- The sedimentary layers started out lying flat.
B- The oldest sedimentary layer is the bottom layer.
C- The igneous intrusion "baked" (metamorphosed)
the sedimentary rock it touched.
D- The dike is older than the sedimentary rock layers
it cuts across.
7. Choose the FALSE statement. William Smith's observa- C- noted that a fossil
tions species could disappear
then reappear in much
A- were made around 1800 in fresh exposures of sed- younger strata.
imentary bedrock in the English countryside.
B- recognized that groups of fossil species (fossil as-
semblages) occurred in limited intervals of strata.
C- noted that a fossil species could disappear then
reappear in much younger strata.
D- lead to the principle of fossil succession.
8. Which of following statements is FALSE? The principle C- inclusions says rock
of containing inclusions is
older than the inclusions.
A- superposition says in a sequence of sedimentary
beds, the youngest is on top
B- original continuity says sedimentary layers began
as continuous expanses of sediment.
C- inclusions says rock containing inclusions is older
than the inclusions.
D- cross-cutting relations says the feature doing the
cutting is younger than the feature it cuts.
9.
, GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
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Which of the following statements is FALSE? B- An unconformity is a
break in the rock record
A- A formation is the name of a rock layer identified by that indicates the area was
such factors as rock type and approximate geologic underwater for millions of
age. years.
B- An unconformity is a break in the rock record that
indicates the area was underwater for millions of
years.
C- The generally accepted age of Earth is 4.54 billion
years.
D- Varieties of an element that differ only in the num-
ber of neutrons are called isotopes.
10. What type of unconformity forms when sedimentary A- nonconformity
rocks overlie either igneous or metamorphic rocks?
A- nonconformity
B- angular conformity
C- disconformity
D- baked contact
11. In 1815, William Smith correlated strata from many B- geologic map.
locations and plotted it on paper to show the spatial
distribution of rock units on Earth's surface. This doc-
ument was the first modern
A- geologic column.
B- geologic map.
C- stratigraphic column.
D- geologic time scale.
12. The boundary surface between two stratigraphic for- C- contact
mations is called a
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5fsj2q
1. Choose the FALSE statement. B- Time zones are 15° of
latitude wide
A- Time zones are set in relation to the time at which
the astronomical observatory in Greenwich, England.
B- Time zones are 15° of latitude wide.
C- Denver (105°W longitude, 40°N latitude) is seven
time zones away from Greenwich, England (0° longi-
tude, 51°N latitude).
D- The second is defined in terms of energy changes
within the cesium atom.
2. Before the development of isotopic dating methods, C- Determining the time it
scientists estimated the age of the earth using each takes to create fossils like
of the following EXCEPT sharks' teeth.
A- Counting generations in the Bible.
B- Comparing rates of change on Earth's surface today
with the geologic record.
C- Determining the time it takes to create fossils like
sharks' teeth.
D- Estimating evolution rates from the fossil record.
3. Choose the FALSE statement. B- Charles Lyell correctly
explained how fossils form
A- James Hutton, the father of geology, introduced the and formulated some of
principle of uniformitarianism. the basic principles of rel-
B- Charles Lyell correctly explained how fossils form ative dating.
and formulated some of the basic principles of relative
dating.
C- Henri Becquerel discovered principles of radioactiv-
ity, which led to the determination of Earth's age.
D- Archbishop James Ussher added up generations of
, GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5fsj2q
patriarchs in the Bible and concluded the birth date of
Earth was October 23, 4004 B.C.E.
4. Choose the FALSE statement. Nicolas Steno's observa- A- the physical process-
tions of fossil shark teeth convinced him that es that produce geologic
features of today operat-
A- the physical processes that produce geologic fea- ed in the past to produce
tures of today operated in the past to produce the the same types of geolog-
same types of geologic features. ic features.
B- these were teeth of ancient sharks, not tongues of
mythical dragons.
C- the rock they were in originated as loose sand, not
solid rock.
D- geologic features develop by a series of events over
periods of time longer than human history.
5. Uniformitarianism C- is illustrated by sci-
entists' seeing pillow lave
A- means Earth's surface-its oceans, continents, and form only underwater,
atmosphere-have always been the same and always then theorizing that pil-
will be the same. low lava found high in the
B- is an outdated theory that states catastrophes like mountains today did nev-
major volcanic eruptions no longer happen. ertheless form underwa-
C- is illustrated by scientists' seeing pillow lave form ter.
only underwater, then theorizing that pillow lava
found high in the mountains today did nevertheless
form underwater.
D- means neither the scientific past nor future should
be predicted because physical laws change over time.
6. An area of slightly dipping sedimentary rock layers D- The dike is older than
has large inclusions and is intruded by an igneous the sedimentary rock lay-
dike. Apply the basic principles for determining rela- ers it cuts across.
, GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5fsj2q
tive ages and identify the FALSE statement.
A- The sedimentary layers started out lying flat.
B- The oldest sedimentary layer is the bottom layer.
C- The igneous intrusion "baked" (metamorphosed)
the sedimentary rock it touched.
D- The dike is older than the sedimentary rock layers
it cuts across.
7. Choose the FALSE statement. William Smith's observa- C- noted that a fossil
tions species could disappear
then reappear in much
A- were made around 1800 in fresh exposures of sed- younger strata.
imentary bedrock in the English countryside.
B- recognized that groups of fossil species (fossil as-
semblages) occurred in limited intervals of strata.
C- noted that a fossil species could disappear then
reappear in much younger strata.
D- lead to the principle of fossil succession.
8. Which of following statements is FALSE? The principle C- inclusions says rock
of containing inclusions is
older than the inclusions.
A- superposition says in a sequence of sedimentary
beds, the youngest is on top
B- original continuity says sedimentary layers began
as continuous expanses of sediment.
C- inclusions says rock containing inclusions is older
than the inclusions.
D- cross-cutting relations says the feature doing the
cutting is younger than the feature it cuts.
9.
, GEOL 1500 Chapter 12-17
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5fsj2q
Which of the following statements is FALSE? B- An unconformity is a
break in the rock record
A- A formation is the name of a rock layer identified by that indicates the area was
such factors as rock type and approximate geologic underwater for millions of
age. years.
B- An unconformity is a break in the rock record that
indicates the area was underwater for millions of
years.
C- The generally accepted age of Earth is 4.54 billion
years.
D- Varieties of an element that differ only in the num-
ber of neutrons are called isotopes.
10. What type of unconformity forms when sedimentary A- nonconformity
rocks overlie either igneous or metamorphic rocks?
A- nonconformity
B- angular conformity
C- disconformity
D- baked contact
11. In 1815, William Smith correlated strata from many B- geologic map.
locations and plotted it on paper to show the spatial
distribution of rock units on Earth's surface. This doc-
ument was the first modern
A- geologic column.
B- geologic map.
C- stratigraphic column.
D- geologic time scale.
12. The boundary surface between two stratigraphic for- C- contact
mations is called a
