Complete Solutions Manual
Written by Michael Walters
,Copyright © 2026 Michael Walters. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without
either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to
Michael Walters.
Contact information is
The inside back cover will contain will contain printing information and country of origin if omitted from this page. In addition,
if the ISBN on the back cover differs from the one on this page, the ISBN on the back cover is correct.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
,2|Page
Quick Word from the Author
This textbook is used at the university level for undergraduate chemical engineering studies. It’s often
the first chemical engineering class students take. Many of the concepts are unique and will be new to
the student. And I know that very often instructors give lectures on topics unrelated to the homework
and leave it up to the student to teach themselves the material. From my personal experience T/A’ing
students, I know that can lead to frustration and to feeling overwhelmed by the material in this
textbook. Which brings me to why I wrote this book.
I wrote this book to provide another resource for students to learn this material. Not for cheating
purposes (please don’t copy and paste the answers here and attempt to get credit for them), but for
guidance. The original textbook is an absolutely excellent book and it groups similar problems of
different levels of complication together to approach concepts from different angles. Use this book to
check your work and for guidance when you struggle. When you prepare for exams, I highly
recommend you look at every end of chapter problem and try to formulate an approach. Refer to this
manual only if you need to.
And please, do not share this book. I put a tremendous amount of time into writing it, verifying my
answers and editing multiple times. Besides the fact that you, the student, are competing with others
around you for A’s, this book is available for anyone to purchase. Let your peers buy their own copy.
Finally, if you have any questions or comments, feel free to email me at the contact information on the
previous page. Don’t forget to look for additional solutions manuals by me in the near future for other
chemical engineering textbooks.
,3|Page
Contents
Introduction to the 4th edition Solutions Manual ................................................................................ 26
Section 1: Factor Label Method (aka dimensional analysis to chemistry students) ............................... 26
Section 2: Moles vs kg-mol vs lb-mol vs molar mass vs molecular and atomic mass ............................ 34
Section 3: Significant digits, propagation of errors and rounding. ........................................................ 41
Chapter 1: Industry and Job Background ............................................................................................ 45
Chapter 2: Introduction to Engineering Calculations ........................................................................... 45
Problem 2.1: Conversion using dimensional analysis ............................................................................. 45
Problem 2.2: Conversion using table inside front cover ......................................................................... 45
Problem 2.3: Estimate the number of baseballs to fill a classroom ....................................................... 45
Problem 2.4: Steps from Earth to Alpha Centauri .................................................................................. 45
Problem 2.5: Comparison of vinyl album liner thicknesses .................................................................... 46
Problem 2.6: Frustrated Professor – number of reports graded. ........................................................... 46
Problem 2.7: Break even mileage for American vs European automobile. ............................................ 46
Problem 2.8: Annual power output of a 100 MW power plant. ............................................................. 46
Problem 2.9: Conversion of mass to weight (lbm to lbf, N to kg, ton to dyne) ........................................ 47
Problem 2.10: Weight of waste treatment pond.................................................................................... 47
Problem 2.11: Volume of Cylinder containing nitrogen of known mass and density ............................ 47
Problem 2.12: Volume of CO2 collected from a coal fired power plant ................................................. 47
Problem 2.13: Alternate Energy: solar panels vs municipal electricity .................................................. 47
Problem 2.14: Using Archimedes’ principle to determine density of an object ..................................... 48
Problem 2.15: Archimedes’ principle to derive density of fluid with floating cone ............................... 49
Problem 2.16: Horizontal cylindrical tank is filled with benzene at a constant rate. ............................. 50
Problem 2.17: Conversion to poundals and slugs. .................................................................................. 51
Problem 2.18: Conversion between unusual units of force and mass. Doozy and Cuz. ........................ 52
Problem 2.19: volume of DEG consumed by taking an Elixir of Sulfanilamide. ...................................... 52
Problem 2.20: Estimating Calculations. .................................................................................................. 54
Problem 2.21: Estimating and calculating the value of R ....................................................................... 54
Problem 2.22: Descriptive Statistics of 2 thermocouples ....................................................................... 54
Problem 2.23: QA / QC of a process that manufacturers a dye. ............................................................ 55
Problem 2.24: QA / QC of a process that manufacturers plastic wrap. .................................................. 56
Problem 2.25: Given Q in SI units, convert to Q’ in US engineering units. ............................................. 59
Problem 2.26: Estimated value of a Prandtl number ............................................................................. 59
,4|Page
Problem 2.27: Estimated value of Reynold’s number ............................................................................ 60
Problem 2.28: Estimated kg for solid particles suspended in a flowing gas stream. .............................. 60
Problem 2.29: Dimensional homogeneity of the nucleation rate of a seed crystal ............................... 61
Problem 2.30: Dimensional homogeneity & transforming density equation to other units .................. 63
Problem 2.31: Dimensional homogeneity of the volume of a microbial culture ................................... 64
Problem 2.32: Dimensional homogeneity and unit transformation C = 3.00exp(-2.00t). ...................... 64
Problem 2.33: Growth of yeast cells in a bioreactor .............................................................................. 65
Problem 2.34: Fitting bacterial growth to linear, exponential and power law models .......................... 68
Problem 2.35: Rate law for bacteria conversion of reactants in bioreactors ......................................... 70
Problem 2.36: Finding the relationship between 2 variables [C] and [D] ............................................... 73
Problem 2.37: Vapor Pressure of 1-chlorotetradecane by linear interpolation ..................................... 75
Problem 2.38: Sketch semi-log and log-log plots and determine constants in equations ..................... 76
Problem 2.39: Determination of x and y parameters to plot for straight line ....................................... 81
Problem 2.40: Calibration of a hygrometer ............................................................................................ 82
Problem 2.41: Modeling mole fraction of L-Serine with Van’t Hoff equation. ....................................... 83
Problem 2.42: Modeling T vs φ when log-log plot is linear .................................................................... 83
Problem 2.43: Modeling a chemical reaction A → B with ln((CA-CAe)/(CAo-CAe)) = -kt............................. 85
Problem 2.44: Volume of the Eggplant that ate New Jersey .................................................................. 86
Problem 2.45: Modeling the relationship between P and V in a piston with PVk=C .............................. 87
Problem 2.46: Modeling of the effect of an impurity on crystal growth. ............................................... 88
Problem 2.47: Modeling a process pressure flowrate instrument voltage with Z=aVbPc....................... 89
Problem 2.48: Fitting 3 points with a line through the origin. ............................................................... 91
Problem 2.49: Manual vs excel linear regression of temperature vs time data. .................................... 92
Problem 2.50: Modeling hazard waste decomposition in a tank with C=1/(a+bt) ................................. 93
Problem 2.51: log-log plots and linear regression for x-y data points .................................................... 97
Problem 2.52: Linear regression of a reaction in which Cp(g/L)=CA0(1-e-kt) ............................................ 98
Problem 2.53: Derivation of linear least squares slope equation for line through origin .................... 101
Problem 2.54: Create an excel spreadsheet to automatically run regression on xy data. ................... 102
Problem 2.55: Rate of diffusivity via Arrhenius equation. .................................................................... 103
Chapter 3: Processes and Process Variables ..................................................................................... 106
Problem 3.1: Conversion using dimensional analysis and estimating results ...................................... 106
Problem 3.2: Conversion of densities using dimensional analysis ....................................................... 106
Problem 3.3: Converting between S.G., density, mass and volume of gasoline .................................. 106
,5|Page
Problem 3.4: Cost of 50.0kg of gasoline in Euros and dollars ............................................................... 107
Problem 3.5: Flowrates of benzene and hexane to make solution of given density. ........................... 107
Problem 3.6: Specific gravity of orange juice ........................................................................................ 108
Problem 3.7: Volume and mass of rainwater captured from rooftop in 1 year. .................................. 108
Problem 3.8: Volume of 35.0 wt% H2SO4 containing 195.5 kg H2SO4 ................................................... 109
Problem 3.9: Mass of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) on a stretch of interstate. ............................................ 109
Problem 3.10: Density of a block of carbon floating at the interface of two liquids. ........................... 109
Problem 3.11: Specific gravity of a rectangular block floating in water. .............................................. 110
Problem 3.12: Change in boat and pond height when weight is dropped overboard. ........................ 111
Problem 3.13: Number of cans of paint needed for graffiti in tunnel. ................................................. 113
Problem 3.14: Weight of limestone bags and volume of limestone after ball milling. ........................ 113
Problem 3.15: Body mass index. ........................................................................................................... 114
Problem 3.16: Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010. ............................................................................. 116
Problem 3.17: Density vs concentration of aqueous solutions of t-isoleucine .................................... 117
Problem 3.18: Solubility of serine in solvents of varying ratios of methanol and water...................... 118
Problem 3.19: Calibration of a rotameter............................................................................................. 121
Problem 3.20: Conversion of 15.0 kmol of xylene (C8H10) to various other units .............................. 122
Problem 3.21: Conversion of 175m3/h flowrate toluene to mass and molar flowrates. ..................... 122
Problem 3.22: Converting between wt% and flowrates methanol and propyl acetate. ...................... 123
Problem 3.23: Calculating kg/hr N2 in a N2/H2 feed to a reactor (Haber Process). .............................. 123
Problem 3.24: Specific gravity and wt% BaSO4 in oil well drilling mud. ............................................... 123
Problem 3.25: Mass fraction of a ternary mixture of CH3OH, CH3O2CH3, CH3CO2H ............................. 124
Problem 3.26: Crystallization, filtration, and drying of a hydrated crystal of CaSO4•2H2O ................. 124
Problem 3.27: Drying of acetaminophen. ............................................................................................. 126
Problem 3.28: CSA to FB molar ratios in a pilot line plug flow reactor ................................................ 126
Problem 3.29: Calculating specific gravity of a solution of methanol and water. ................................ 127
Problem 3.30: Determining molar flowrate of elements in coal .......................................................... 127
Problem 3.31: Drop on Demand (DoD) drug delivery technology ........................................................ 128
Problem 3.32: Dilution of Methane to lower flammability limits with air ........................................... 130
Problem 3.33: Estimation of number of logs processed into wood pulp. ............................................ 130
Problem 3.34: Derivation of density of solution of multiple components ........................................... 131
Problem 3.35: Calculation of mole fraction and molar mass from GC output ..................................... 131
Problem 3.36: Conversion of peak area to mole and mass fraction, gas chromatography. ................ 132
,6|Page
Problem 3.37: Emissions of carbon based compounds from biomass combustion. ............................ 134
Problem 3.38: Molarity and flowrate through a pipe of a 5.00 wt% solution of H2SO4(aq) ................. 135
Problem 3.39: Mass of H2SO4(aq) required to adjust pH in a swimming pool. .................................... 135
Problem 3.40: Condensing of a gas stream containing 18.0 mol% C6H14 in N2. ................................... 136
Problem 3.41: Solution of Nauseum in Scotch whiskey. ...................................................................... 137
Problem 3.42: Radioactive decay of cesium 137. ................................................................................. 137
Problem 3.43: The reaction of A to B in a lab reactor follows CA=CAo*exp(-kt) ................................. 138
Problem 3.44: Converting between various units of pressure. ............................................................ 139
Problem 3.45: Using pressure to estimate how much oil is in a tank of oil ......................................... 141
Problem 3.46: Density of block floating at interface of two immiscible liquids ................................... 142
Problem 3.47: Mass of chocolate in a mixing vat. ................................................................................ 144
Problem 3.48: Force on viewing window in a diving suit. .................................................................... 145
Problem 3.49: Great Boston molasses flood of 1919. .......................................................................... 145
Problem 3.50: Force bolts are holding reactor lid on with prior to turnaround. ................................. 146
Problem 3.51: The Drowning Pool reality check. .................................................................................. 147
Problem 3.52: Tap and junction pressure for housing development with water tower. ..................... 147
Problem 3.53: Two manometers (open and closed end) to measure pressure. .................................. 148
Problem 3.54: Student measures lung pressure with a water manometer. ........................................ 148
Problem 3.55: Deriving and using an expression for P1- P2 in a manometer with 3 fluids ................... 148
Problem 3.56: Using a manometer to measure height of toluene in a storage tank. .......................... 150
Problem 3.57: Using a bourdon gauge and calibration curve to predict height in a tank. ................... 151
Problem 3.58: Using 2 manometers with an unknown fluid to measure pressure drop. .................... 153
Problem 3.59: Paint on one of the manometer legs connected to a low pressure gas line. ................ 153
Problem 3.60: Using a U-tube manometer at an incline. ..................................................................... 154
Problem 3.61: Using open end Hg / oil manometer to determine pressure of gas. ............................ 155
Problem 3.62: Relationship between flowrate through orifice and manometer reading. ................... 156
Problem 3.63: Conversion between temperature units ....................................................................... 158
Problem 3.64: Conversion between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Farblunget and Louis scales ........................ 159
Problem 3.65: Determining relationship between mV and T(°C) in a thermocouple .......................... 160
Problem 3.66: Determining relationship T[°C] and dial setting R using a log plot ............................... 161
Problem 3.67: Transforming ideal gas law into other units.................................................................. 162
Problem 3.68: Methane in air (79% N2 +21% O2) in a combustion furnace preheater. ....................... 163
Problem 3.69: Concentration vs time of mineral reacting to form a pigment. .................................... 166
,7|Page
Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Material Balances ................................................................................ 171
Problem 4.1: Classification of an H2O tank with flow in = 6kg/s and flow out = 3 kg/s ........................ 171
Problem 4.2: Material balance around rain falling on poorly designed roof ....................................... 171
Problem 4.3: Balance on a liquid phase chemical reaction A → B in a well stirred tank...................... 173
Problem 4.4: Feed (44.6% Benzene + 55.4% Toluene) is split into 2 streams (vap. & liq.) .................. 174
Problem 4.5: Draw and label streams and derive expressions for various quantities. ........................ 175
Problem 4.6: Partial evaporation of a solution of acetone (35%) and water. ...................................... 177
Problem 4.7: Process flow diagram for dehydrogenation of propane (4.3a). ...................................... 181
Problem 4.8: Degrees of freedom in a distillation column with 2 feeds and 3 products. .................... 181
Problem 4.9: Calculating flow rate and tank size on a distillation column condenser. ........................ 183
Problem 4.10: Liquid extraction of acetic acid from water with hexan-1-ol. ....................................... 184
Problem 4.11: Extraction of soybean oil from soybean solids with hexane. ........................................ 186
Problem 4.12: Separation of large and X-large eggs by hand. .............................................................. 187
Problem 4.13: A mixture of methanol, ethanol, and water is separated into 2 streams. .................... 189
Problem 4.14: Production of strawberry jam from raw strawberries and sugar. ................................ 190
Problem 4.15: Two ethanol / hexane streams flow into a 500gal mixing tank. ................................... 191
Problem 4.16: Blending EtOH + gasoline to make 4 different fuels. .................................................... 193
Problem 4.17: Flammability limits of a fuel (propane) air mixture. ..................................................... 196
Problem 4.18: Distillation of a 1000 kg/hr mixture of methanol and water ........................................ 196
Problem 4.19: Crystallization of L-Serine monohydrate with a methanol/water solution .................. 198
Problem 4.20: Recovery of CCl4 from a stream of CCl4 + CS2 via distillation. ....................................... 200
Problem 4.21: Purification of pharmaceutical product “P” from reactor effluent. .............................. 202
Problem 4.22: Separation of 55.0% EtOH (aq) into 2 streams (86.2% and 10.9%) .............................. 205
Problem 4.23: Humidification of air from 1.5 mol % to 10.0 mol % ..................................................... 206
Problem 4.24: Separation of a liquid mixture of 60% EtOH, 5% solute and remainder H2O. ............... 208
Problem 4.25: Elimination of VAD by beta carotene in GMO Golden Rice. ......................................... 210
Problem 4.26: Combining 2 H2SO4 streams (20% and 60%) to form a 4.0M stream. ........................... 212
Problem 4.27: Blending of pigments and binders to form a paint mixture. ......................................... 213
Problem 4.28: Drying process during commercial production of sugar ............................................... 214
Problem 4.29: Sedimentation process to separate pulverized coal from slate. ................................... 216
Problem 4.30: Absorbing CCl4 with a garment containing activated carbon. ...................................... 217
Problem 4.31: Mixing concentration and dilute H2SO4 to make 75% H2SO4. ....................................... 218
Problem 4.32: Blending of 2 streams containing different concentrations of H2 and N2. .................... 220
,8|Page
Problem 4.33: Material balanced on a Hollow fiber dialyzer used as an artificial kidney .................... 225
Problem 4.34: Indicator dilution method to measure flowrate of a gas containing CO2 ..................... 226
Problem 4.35: using indicator dilution method to measure blood volume in patient. ........................ 228
Problem 4.36: Scrubbing SO2 from a waste gas stream with liquid solvent B ...................................... 228
Problem 4.37: Advanced balance around the SO2 scrubber with solvent B from 4.36 ........................ 231
Problem 4.38: Balances around a 2 unit + mixer process with species A, B, C ..................................... 234
Problem 4.39: Tamoxifen slurry and tablet manufacturing balance .................................................... 235
Problem 4.40: Balance around 2 distillation columns with 3 component (B,T,X) feed ........................ 238
Problem 4.41: Seawater containing 3.5 wt% salt passes through 10 evaporators. ............................. 240
Problem 4.42: Equimolar benzene & toluene distilled with reboil/cond into 2 products. .................. 242
Problem 4.43: Concentrating orange juice through evaporation with bypass stream ........................ 245
Problem 4.44: Removing Cr from metal finishing plant waste stream. ................................................ 248
Problem 4.45: Evaporation, crystallization and filtration of a K2SO4 solution. ..................................... 251
Problem 4.46: Process for preparing growth media for culturing of mammalian cells. ...................... 256
Problem 4.47: Separation of a CO2 / CH4 gas stream with adsorption / stripping column .................. 262
Problem 4.48: Extraction of bean oil from ground beans with n-hexane. ........................................... 266
Problem 4.49: Balances around a boiler used to produce steam to heat a product stream. .............. 269
Problem 4.50: Balances around a shirt cleaning process. .................................................................... 272
Problem 4.51: Three stage extraction process of a drug from plant leaves ......................................... 274
Problem 4.52: Reaction stoichiometry of the hydrogenation of acetylene to form ethane. ............... 280
Problem 4.53: Reaction stoichiometry of the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide ........................... 281
Problem 4.54: Reaction of hemoglobin with carbon dioxide in blood ................................................. 282
Problem 4.55: Reaction of H2S and SO2 to form S and H2O. ................................................................. 283
Problem 4.56: Reaction between ethylene and hydrogen bromide to make ethyl bromide .............. 285
Problem 4.57: The Deacon process for the manufacture of chlorine gas ............................................ 287
Problem 4.58: The production of carbon nanotubes from CO and Fe(CO)5 ......................................... 289
Problem 4.59: Digestion of ore to produce titanium dioxide ............................................................... 292
Problem 4.60: FutureGen 2.0 combustion of coal to produce electricity. ........................................... 293
Problem 4.61: Removal of sulfur from coal by oxidation to SO2 and scrubbing. ................................. 296
Problem 4.62: Oxygen consumption by respiration and RQ (Respiratory Quotient) ........................... 297
Problem 4.63: Balancing insulin produced by genetically modified E.coli. with RQ. ........................... 299
Problem 4.64: Gas phase rxn between CH3OH and CH3CO2H to form CH3CO2CH3 + H2O ..................... 300
Problem 4.65: Balancing water gas-shift equilibrium with extent of reaction. .................................... 303
, 9|Page
Problem 4.66: Production of MeOH from CO and H2 via gas-shift reaction. ........................................ 306
Problem 4.67: The reaction of methane and oxygen to produce formaldehyde. ................................ 314
Problem 4.68: The chlorination of ethane in a continuous reactor. .................................................... 316
Problem 4.69: The production of ethanol by hydration of ethylene .................................................... 318
Problem 4.70: The production of ethanol by fermentation of corn ..................................................... 320
Problem 4.71: The reaction of CaF2 with H2SO4 to form CaSO4 and HF ................................................ 321
Problem 4.72: Reduction of H2S emissions during gasification of coal via the Claus process .............. 322
Problem 4.73: The production of chlorobenzene by bubbling Cl2 through benzene. .......................... 324
Problem 4.74: Two reactions in a gas phase reactor ............................................................................ 326
Problem 4.75: Production of formaldehyde from methanol in a catalytic reactor. ............................. 329
Problem 4.76: Production of methanol by reaction of CO with H2 (Syngas rxn) ................................. 332
Problem 4.77: Reaction of methane with chlorine to produce methyl chloride .................................. 334
Problem 4.78: Production of ethylene oxide by catalytic oxidation of ethylene ................................. 337
Problem 4.79: Production of acrolein by the catalytic oxidation of propylene .................................... 339
Problem 4.80: Catalytic oxidation of ethylene to produce ethylene oxide .......................................... 342
Problem 4.81: Ammonia production process from the reaction of N2 and H2 ..................................... 343
Problem 4.82: Iso-octane production from the reaction of iso-butane + butylene ............................. 347
Problem 4.83: CH3CO2C2H5 + NaOH → CH3CO2Na + C2H5OH in a series of CSTRs................................. 352
Problem 4.84: Calculate the molar composition of a gas ..................................................................... 354
Problem 4.85: Combustion of n-hexane and n-heptane in 4000 mol air ............................................. 355
Problem 4.86: Air feed rate (mol/h) to gasoline burning automobile engine. ..................................... 356
Problem 4.87: Combustion of a fuel gas containing 50.0% N2 with balance of CO and H2 .................. 356
Problem 4.88: Natural gas is burned in a furnace with excess air ........................................................ 357
Problem 4.89: An unknown paraffin is burned with varying amounts of XS air. .................................. 360
Problem 4.90: Propane is burned completely with excess air .............................................................. 363
Problem 4.91: a mixture of 75% methane + 25% hydrogen is burned in XS air ................................... 365
Problem 4.92: n-pentane is burned in a continuous combustion chamber with XS air ....................... 366
Problem 4.93: Combustion of methanol in a space heater with XS air ................................................ 370
Problem 4.94: A fuel containing CH4, C2H6, CO2 is burned with 7:1 air ratio. ....................................... 371
Problem 4.95: A mixture of propane and butane is burned in pure oxygen. ....................................... 373
Problem 4.96: A fuel oil containing 85% C, 12% H and 1.7% S is burned in 20% XS O2 ........................ 375
Problem 4.97: Coal with 75% C, 17% H, 2% S, and 6% ash is burned in air .......................................... 377
Problem 4.98: Determination of coal composition by a proximate analysis ........................................ 379
Written by Michael Walters
,Copyright © 2026 Michael Walters. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without
either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to
Michael Walters.
Contact information is
The inside back cover will contain will contain printing information and country of origin if omitted from this page. In addition,
if the ISBN on the back cover differs from the one on this page, the ISBN on the back cover is correct.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
,2|Page
Quick Word from the Author
This textbook is used at the university level for undergraduate chemical engineering studies. It’s often
the first chemical engineering class students take. Many of the concepts are unique and will be new to
the student. And I know that very often instructors give lectures on topics unrelated to the homework
and leave it up to the student to teach themselves the material. From my personal experience T/A’ing
students, I know that can lead to frustration and to feeling overwhelmed by the material in this
textbook. Which brings me to why I wrote this book.
I wrote this book to provide another resource for students to learn this material. Not for cheating
purposes (please don’t copy and paste the answers here and attempt to get credit for them), but for
guidance. The original textbook is an absolutely excellent book and it groups similar problems of
different levels of complication together to approach concepts from different angles. Use this book to
check your work and for guidance when you struggle. When you prepare for exams, I highly
recommend you look at every end of chapter problem and try to formulate an approach. Refer to this
manual only if you need to.
And please, do not share this book. I put a tremendous amount of time into writing it, verifying my
answers and editing multiple times. Besides the fact that you, the student, are competing with others
around you for A’s, this book is available for anyone to purchase. Let your peers buy their own copy.
Finally, if you have any questions or comments, feel free to email me at the contact information on the
previous page. Don’t forget to look for additional solutions manuals by me in the near future for other
chemical engineering textbooks.
,3|Page
Contents
Introduction to the 4th edition Solutions Manual ................................................................................ 26
Section 1: Factor Label Method (aka dimensional analysis to chemistry students) ............................... 26
Section 2: Moles vs kg-mol vs lb-mol vs molar mass vs molecular and atomic mass ............................ 34
Section 3: Significant digits, propagation of errors and rounding. ........................................................ 41
Chapter 1: Industry and Job Background ............................................................................................ 45
Chapter 2: Introduction to Engineering Calculations ........................................................................... 45
Problem 2.1: Conversion using dimensional analysis ............................................................................. 45
Problem 2.2: Conversion using table inside front cover ......................................................................... 45
Problem 2.3: Estimate the number of baseballs to fill a classroom ....................................................... 45
Problem 2.4: Steps from Earth to Alpha Centauri .................................................................................. 45
Problem 2.5: Comparison of vinyl album liner thicknesses .................................................................... 46
Problem 2.6: Frustrated Professor – number of reports graded. ........................................................... 46
Problem 2.7: Break even mileage for American vs European automobile. ............................................ 46
Problem 2.8: Annual power output of a 100 MW power plant. ............................................................. 46
Problem 2.9: Conversion of mass to weight (lbm to lbf, N to kg, ton to dyne) ........................................ 47
Problem 2.10: Weight of waste treatment pond.................................................................................... 47
Problem 2.11: Volume of Cylinder containing nitrogen of known mass and density ............................ 47
Problem 2.12: Volume of CO2 collected from a coal fired power plant ................................................. 47
Problem 2.13: Alternate Energy: solar panels vs municipal electricity .................................................. 47
Problem 2.14: Using Archimedes’ principle to determine density of an object ..................................... 48
Problem 2.15: Archimedes’ principle to derive density of fluid with floating cone ............................... 49
Problem 2.16: Horizontal cylindrical tank is filled with benzene at a constant rate. ............................. 50
Problem 2.17: Conversion to poundals and slugs. .................................................................................. 51
Problem 2.18: Conversion between unusual units of force and mass. Doozy and Cuz. ........................ 52
Problem 2.19: volume of DEG consumed by taking an Elixir of Sulfanilamide. ...................................... 52
Problem 2.20: Estimating Calculations. .................................................................................................. 54
Problem 2.21: Estimating and calculating the value of R ....................................................................... 54
Problem 2.22: Descriptive Statistics of 2 thermocouples ....................................................................... 54
Problem 2.23: QA / QC of a process that manufacturers a dye. ............................................................ 55
Problem 2.24: QA / QC of a process that manufacturers plastic wrap. .................................................. 56
Problem 2.25: Given Q in SI units, convert to Q’ in US engineering units. ............................................. 59
Problem 2.26: Estimated value of a Prandtl number ............................................................................. 59
,4|Page
Problem 2.27: Estimated value of Reynold’s number ............................................................................ 60
Problem 2.28: Estimated kg for solid particles suspended in a flowing gas stream. .............................. 60
Problem 2.29: Dimensional homogeneity of the nucleation rate of a seed crystal ............................... 61
Problem 2.30: Dimensional homogeneity & transforming density equation to other units .................. 63
Problem 2.31: Dimensional homogeneity of the volume of a microbial culture ................................... 64
Problem 2.32: Dimensional homogeneity and unit transformation C = 3.00exp(-2.00t). ...................... 64
Problem 2.33: Growth of yeast cells in a bioreactor .............................................................................. 65
Problem 2.34: Fitting bacterial growth to linear, exponential and power law models .......................... 68
Problem 2.35: Rate law for bacteria conversion of reactants in bioreactors ......................................... 70
Problem 2.36: Finding the relationship between 2 variables [C] and [D] ............................................... 73
Problem 2.37: Vapor Pressure of 1-chlorotetradecane by linear interpolation ..................................... 75
Problem 2.38: Sketch semi-log and log-log plots and determine constants in equations ..................... 76
Problem 2.39: Determination of x and y parameters to plot for straight line ....................................... 81
Problem 2.40: Calibration of a hygrometer ............................................................................................ 82
Problem 2.41: Modeling mole fraction of L-Serine with Van’t Hoff equation. ....................................... 83
Problem 2.42: Modeling T vs φ when log-log plot is linear .................................................................... 83
Problem 2.43: Modeling a chemical reaction A → B with ln((CA-CAe)/(CAo-CAe)) = -kt............................. 85
Problem 2.44: Volume of the Eggplant that ate New Jersey .................................................................. 86
Problem 2.45: Modeling the relationship between P and V in a piston with PVk=C .............................. 87
Problem 2.46: Modeling of the effect of an impurity on crystal growth. ............................................... 88
Problem 2.47: Modeling a process pressure flowrate instrument voltage with Z=aVbPc....................... 89
Problem 2.48: Fitting 3 points with a line through the origin. ............................................................... 91
Problem 2.49: Manual vs excel linear regression of temperature vs time data. .................................... 92
Problem 2.50: Modeling hazard waste decomposition in a tank with C=1/(a+bt) ................................. 93
Problem 2.51: log-log plots and linear regression for x-y data points .................................................... 97
Problem 2.52: Linear regression of a reaction in which Cp(g/L)=CA0(1-e-kt) ............................................ 98
Problem 2.53: Derivation of linear least squares slope equation for line through origin .................... 101
Problem 2.54: Create an excel spreadsheet to automatically run regression on xy data. ................... 102
Problem 2.55: Rate of diffusivity via Arrhenius equation. .................................................................... 103
Chapter 3: Processes and Process Variables ..................................................................................... 106
Problem 3.1: Conversion using dimensional analysis and estimating results ...................................... 106
Problem 3.2: Conversion of densities using dimensional analysis ....................................................... 106
Problem 3.3: Converting between S.G., density, mass and volume of gasoline .................................. 106
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Problem 3.4: Cost of 50.0kg of gasoline in Euros and dollars ............................................................... 107
Problem 3.5: Flowrates of benzene and hexane to make solution of given density. ........................... 107
Problem 3.6: Specific gravity of orange juice ........................................................................................ 108
Problem 3.7: Volume and mass of rainwater captured from rooftop in 1 year. .................................. 108
Problem 3.8: Volume of 35.0 wt% H2SO4 containing 195.5 kg H2SO4 ................................................... 109
Problem 3.9: Mass of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) on a stretch of interstate. ............................................ 109
Problem 3.10: Density of a block of carbon floating at the interface of two liquids. ........................... 109
Problem 3.11: Specific gravity of a rectangular block floating in water. .............................................. 110
Problem 3.12: Change in boat and pond height when weight is dropped overboard. ........................ 111
Problem 3.13: Number of cans of paint needed for graffiti in tunnel. ................................................. 113
Problem 3.14: Weight of limestone bags and volume of limestone after ball milling. ........................ 113
Problem 3.15: Body mass index. ........................................................................................................... 114
Problem 3.16: Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010. ............................................................................. 116
Problem 3.17: Density vs concentration of aqueous solutions of t-isoleucine .................................... 117
Problem 3.18: Solubility of serine in solvents of varying ratios of methanol and water...................... 118
Problem 3.19: Calibration of a rotameter............................................................................................. 121
Problem 3.20: Conversion of 15.0 kmol of xylene (C8H10) to various other units .............................. 122
Problem 3.21: Conversion of 175m3/h flowrate toluene to mass and molar flowrates. ..................... 122
Problem 3.22: Converting between wt% and flowrates methanol and propyl acetate. ...................... 123
Problem 3.23: Calculating kg/hr N2 in a N2/H2 feed to a reactor (Haber Process). .............................. 123
Problem 3.24: Specific gravity and wt% BaSO4 in oil well drilling mud. ............................................... 123
Problem 3.25: Mass fraction of a ternary mixture of CH3OH, CH3O2CH3, CH3CO2H ............................. 124
Problem 3.26: Crystallization, filtration, and drying of a hydrated crystal of CaSO4•2H2O ................. 124
Problem 3.27: Drying of acetaminophen. ............................................................................................. 126
Problem 3.28: CSA to FB molar ratios in a pilot line plug flow reactor ................................................ 126
Problem 3.29: Calculating specific gravity of a solution of methanol and water. ................................ 127
Problem 3.30: Determining molar flowrate of elements in coal .......................................................... 127
Problem 3.31: Drop on Demand (DoD) drug delivery technology ........................................................ 128
Problem 3.32: Dilution of Methane to lower flammability limits with air ........................................... 130
Problem 3.33: Estimation of number of logs processed into wood pulp. ............................................ 130
Problem 3.34: Derivation of density of solution of multiple components ........................................... 131
Problem 3.35: Calculation of mole fraction and molar mass from GC output ..................................... 131
Problem 3.36: Conversion of peak area to mole and mass fraction, gas chromatography. ................ 132
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Problem 3.37: Emissions of carbon based compounds from biomass combustion. ............................ 134
Problem 3.38: Molarity and flowrate through a pipe of a 5.00 wt% solution of H2SO4(aq) ................. 135
Problem 3.39: Mass of H2SO4(aq) required to adjust pH in a swimming pool. .................................... 135
Problem 3.40: Condensing of a gas stream containing 18.0 mol% C6H14 in N2. ................................... 136
Problem 3.41: Solution of Nauseum in Scotch whiskey. ...................................................................... 137
Problem 3.42: Radioactive decay of cesium 137. ................................................................................. 137
Problem 3.43: The reaction of A to B in a lab reactor follows CA=CAo*exp(-kt) ................................. 138
Problem 3.44: Converting between various units of pressure. ............................................................ 139
Problem 3.45: Using pressure to estimate how much oil is in a tank of oil ......................................... 141
Problem 3.46: Density of block floating at interface of two immiscible liquids ................................... 142
Problem 3.47: Mass of chocolate in a mixing vat. ................................................................................ 144
Problem 3.48: Force on viewing window in a diving suit. .................................................................... 145
Problem 3.49: Great Boston molasses flood of 1919. .......................................................................... 145
Problem 3.50: Force bolts are holding reactor lid on with prior to turnaround. ................................. 146
Problem 3.51: The Drowning Pool reality check. .................................................................................. 147
Problem 3.52: Tap and junction pressure for housing development with water tower. ..................... 147
Problem 3.53: Two manometers (open and closed end) to measure pressure. .................................. 148
Problem 3.54: Student measures lung pressure with a water manometer. ........................................ 148
Problem 3.55: Deriving and using an expression for P1- P2 in a manometer with 3 fluids ................... 148
Problem 3.56: Using a manometer to measure height of toluene in a storage tank. .......................... 150
Problem 3.57: Using a bourdon gauge and calibration curve to predict height in a tank. ................... 151
Problem 3.58: Using 2 manometers with an unknown fluid to measure pressure drop. .................... 153
Problem 3.59: Paint on one of the manometer legs connected to a low pressure gas line. ................ 153
Problem 3.60: Using a U-tube manometer at an incline. ..................................................................... 154
Problem 3.61: Using open end Hg / oil manometer to determine pressure of gas. ............................ 155
Problem 3.62: Relationship between flowrate through orifice and manometer reading. ................... 156
Problem 3.63: Conversion between temperature units ....................................................................... 158
Problem 3.64: Conversion between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Farblunget and Louis scales ........................ 159
Problem 3.65: Determining relationship between mV and T(°C) in a thermocouple .......................... 160
Problem 3.66: Determining relationship T[°C] and dial setting R using a log plot ............................... 161
Problem 3.67: Transforming ideal gas law into other units.................................................................. 162
Problem 3.68: Methane in air (79% N2 +21% O2) in a combustion furnace preheater. ....................... 163
Problem 3.69: Concentration vs time of mineral reacting to form a pigment. .................................... 166
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Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Material Balances ................................................................................ 171
Problem 4.1: Classification of an H2O tank with flow in = 6kg/s and flow out = 3 kg/s ........................ 171
Problem 4.2: Material balance around rain falling on poorly designed roof ....................................... 171
Problem 4.3: Balance on a liquid phase chemical reaction A → B in a well stirred tank...................... 173
Problem 4.4: Feed (44.6% Benzene + 55.4% Toluene) is split into 2 streams (vap. & liq.) .................. 174
Problem 4.5: Draw and label streams and derive expressions for various quantities. ........................ 175
Problem 4.6: Partial evaporation of a solution of acetone (35%) and water. ...................................... 177
Problem 4.7: Process flow diagram for dehydrogenation of propane (4.3a). ...................................... 181
Problem 4.8: Degrees of freedom in a distillation column with 2 feeds and 3 products. .................... 181
Problem 4.9: Calculating flow rate and tank size on a distillation column condenser. ........................ 183
Problem 4.10: Liquid extraction of acetic acid from water with hexan-1-ol. ....................................... 184
Problem 4.11: Extraction of soybean oil from soybean solids with hexane. ........................................ 186
Problem 4.12: Separation of large and X-large eggs by hand. .............................................................. 187
Problem 4.13: A mixture of methanol, ethanol, and water is separated into 2 streams. .................... 189
Problem 4.14: Production of strawberry jam from raw strawberries and sugar. ................................ 190
Problem 4.15: Two ethanol / hexane streams flow into a 500gal mixing tank. ................................... 191
Problem 4.16: Blending EtOH + gasoline to make 4 different fuels. .................................................... 193
Problem 4.17: Flammability limits of a fuel (propane) air mixture. ..................................................... 196
Problem 4.18: Distillation of a 1000 kg/hr mixture of methanol and water ........................................ 196
Problem 4.19: Crystallization of L-Serine monohydrate with a methanol/water solution .................. 198
Problem 4.20: Recovery of CCl4 from a stream of CCl4 + CS2 via distillation. ....................................... 200
Problem 4.21: Purification of pharmaceutical product “P” from reactor effluent. .............................. 202
Problem 4.22: Separation of 55.0% EtOH (aq) into 2 streams (86.2% and 10.9%) .............................. 205
Problem 4.23: Humidification of air from 1.5 mol % to 10.0 mol % ..................................................... 206
Problem 4.24: Separation of a liquid mixture of 60% EtOH, 5% solute and remainder H2O. ............... 208
Problem 4.25: Elimination of VAD by beta carotene in GMO Golden Rice. ......................................... 210
Problem 4.26: Combining 2 H2SO4 streams (20% and 60%) to form a 4.0M stream. ........................... 212
Problem 4.27: Blending of pigments and binders to form a paint mixture. ......................................... 213
Problem 4.28: Drying process during commercial production of sugar ............................................... 214
Problem 4.29: Sedimentation process to separate pulverized coal from slate. ................................... 216
Problem 4.30: Absorbing CCl4 with a garment containing activated carbon. ...................................... 217
Problem 4.31: Mixing concentration and dilute H2SO4 to make 75% H2SO4. ....................................... 218
Problem 4.32: Blending of 2 streams containing different concentrations of H2 and N2. .................... 220
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Problem 4.33: Material balanced on a Hollow fiber dialyzer used as an artificial kidney .................... 225
Problem 4.34: Indicator dilution method to measure flowrate of a gas containing CO2 ..................... 226
Problem 4.35: using indicator dilution method to measure blood volume in patient. ........................ 228
Problem 4.36: Scrubbing SO2 from a waste gas stream with liquid solvent B ...................................... 228
Problem 4.37: Advanced balance around the SO2 scrubber with solvent B from 4.36 ........................ 231
Problem 4.38: Balances around a 2 unit + mixer process with species A, B, C ..................................... 234
Problem 4.39: Tamoxifen slurry and tablet manufacturing balance .................................................... 235
Problem 4.40: Balance around 2 distillation columns with 3 component (B,T,X) feed ........................ 238
Problem 4.41: Seawater containing 3.5 wt% salt passes through 10 evaporators. ............................. 240
Problem 4.42: Equimolar benzene & toluene distilled with reboil/cond into 2 products. .................. 242
Problem 4.43: Concentrating orange juice through evaporation with bypass stream ........................ 245
Problem 4.44: Removing Cr from metal finishing plant waste stream. ................................................ 248
Problem 4.45: Evaporation, crystallization and filtration of a K2SO4 solution. ..................................... 251
Problem 4.46: Process for preparing growth media for culturing of mammalian cells. ...................... 256
Problem 4.47: Separation of a CO2 / CH4 gas stream with adsorption / stripping column .................. 262
Problem 4.48: Extraction of bean oil from ground beans with n-hexane. ........................................... 266
Problem 4.49: Balances around a boiler used to produce steam to heat a product stream. .............. 269
Problem 4.50: Balances around a shirt cleaning process. .................................................................... 272
Problem 4.51: Three stage extraction process of a drug from plant leaves ......................................... 274
Problem 4.52: Reaction stoichiometry of the hydrogenation of acetylene to form ethane. ............... 280
Problem 4.53: Reaction stoichiometry of the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide ........................... 281
Problem 4.54: Reaction of hemoglobin with carbon dioxide in blood ................................................. 282
Problem 4.55: Reaction of H2S and SO2 to form S and H2O. ................................................................. 283
Problem 4.56: Reaction between ethylene and hydrogen bromide to make ethyl bromide .............. 285
Problem 4.57: The Deacon process for the manufacture of chlorine gas ............................................ 287
Problem 4.58: The production of carbon nanotubes from CO and Fe(CO)5 ......................................... 289
Problem 4.59: Digestion of ore to produce titanium dioxide ............................................................... 292
Problem 4.60: FutureGen 2.0 combustion of coal to produce electricity. ........................................... 293
Problem 4.61: Removal of sulfur from coal by oxidation to SO2 and scrubbing. ................................. 296
Problem 4.62: Oxygen consumption by respiration and RQ (Respiratory Quotient) ........................... 297
Problem 4.63: Balancing insulin produced by genetically modified E.coli. with RQ. ........................... 299
Problem 4.64: Gas phase rxn between CH3OH and CH3CO2H to form CH3CO2CH3 + H2O ..................... 300
Problem 4.65: Balancing water gas-shift equilibrium with extent of reaction. .................................... 303
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Problem 4.66: Production of MeOH from CO and H2 via gas-shift reaction. ........................................ 306
Problem 4.67: The reaction of methane and oxygen to produce formaldehyde. ................................ 314
Problem 4.68: The chlorination of ethane in a continuous reactor. .................................................... 316
Problem 4.69: The production of ethanol by hydration of ethylene .................................................... 318
Problem 4.70: The production of ethanol by fermentation of corn ..................................................... 320
Problem 4.71: The reaction of CaF2 with H2SO4 to form CaSO4 and HF ................................................ 321
Problem 4.72: Reduction of H2S emissions during gasification of coal via the Claus process .............. 322
Problem 4.73: The production of chlorobenzene by bubbling Cl2 through benzene. .......................... 324
Problem 4.74: Two reactions in a gas phase reactor ............................................................................ 326
Problem 4.75: Production of formaldehyde from methanol in a catalytic reactor. ............................. 329
Problem 4.76: Production of methanol by reaction of CO with H2 (Syngas rxn) ................................. 332
Problem 4.77: Reaction of methane with chlorine to produce methyl chloride .................................. 334
Problem 4.78: Production of ethylene oxide by catalytic oxidation of ethylene ................................. 337
Problem 4.79: Production of acrolein by the catalytic oxidation of propylene .................................... 339
Problem 4.80: Catalytic oxidation of ethylene to produce ethylene oxide .......................................... 342
Problem 4.81: Ammonia production process from the reaction of N2 and H2 ..................................... 343
Problem 4.82: Iso-octane production from the reaction of iso-butane + butylene ............................. 347
Problem 4.83: CH3CO2C2H5 + NaOH → CH3CO2Na + C2H5OH in a series of CSTRs................................. 352
Problem 4.84: Calculate the molar composition of a gas ..................................................................... 354
Problem 4.85: Combustion of n-hexane and n-heptane in 4000 mol air ............................................. 355
Problem 4.86: Air feed rate (mol/h) to gasoline burning automobile engine. ..................................... 356
Problem 4.87: Combustion of a fuel gas containing 50.0% N2 with balance of CO and H2 .................. 356
Problem 4.88: Natural gas is burned in a furnace with excess air ........................................................ 357
Problem 4.89: An unknown paraffin is burned with varying amounts of XS air. .................................. 360
Problem 4.90: Propane is burned completely with excess air .............................................................. 363
Problem 4.91: a mixture of 75% methane + 25% hydrogen is burned in XS air ................................... 365
Problem 4.92: n-pentane is burned in a continuous combustion chamber with XS air ....................... 366
Problem 4.93: Combustion of methanol in a space heater with XS air ................................................ 370
Problem 4.94: A fuel containing CH4, C2H6, CO2 is burned with 7:1 air ratio. ....................................... 371
Problem 4.95: A mixture of propane and butane is burned in pure oxygen. ....................................... 373
Problem 4.96: A fuel oil containing 85% C, 12% H and 1.7% S is burned in 20% XS O2 ........................ 375
Problem 4.97: Coal with 75% C, 17% H, 2% S, and 6% ash is burned in air .......................................... 377
Problem 4.98: Determination of coal composition by a proximate analysis ........................................ 379
