NUR631 Midterm Exam Prep Test Bank 1
Latest / NUR 631 Advanced Health
Assessment Newest Midterm Exam Prep
Questions and Correct Answers (MOST
RECENT) GRADED A+
SECTION 1: ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY &
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Cellular Physiology & Membrane Transport
1. Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering
cells across the plasma membrane?
A) Carbohydrate chains
B) Glycoprotein channels
C) Membrane channel proteins
D) Lipid bilayer
Correct Answer: D) Lipid bilayer
Rationale: The lipid bilayer is hydrophobic in its interior, which prevents
water-soluble (hydrophilic) molecules from freely crossing the membrane.
This property maintains the selective permeability of the cell membrane and
allows cells to control their internal environment.
, 2. What must polar charged molecules use to cross the bilayer?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Osmosis
C) Carriers, proteins, or pumps
D) Vesicular transport
Correct Answer: C) Carriers, proteins, or pumps
Rationale: Polar and charged molecules cannot diffuse directly through the
hydrophobic lipid bilayer. They require specific transport mechanisms
including carrier proteins, channel proteins, or active transport pumps to
facilitate their movement across the membrane.
3. What is a GLUT protein transporter to transport glucose an example
of?
A) Active transport
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Primary active transport
D) Secondary active transport
Correct Answer: B) Facilitated diffusion
Rationale: GLUT (glucose transporter) proteins facilitate the movement of
glucose across the cell membrane down its concentration gradient without
the expenditure of ATP. This is the definition of facilitated diffusion.
Immunology
, 4. Which immunoglobulin is present in blood, saliva, breast milk, and
respiratory secretions?
A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM
Correct Answer: A) IgA
Rationale: IgA can be divided into two subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2. IgA1
molecules are predominantly found in the blood, whereas IgA2 is the
predominant class of antibody found in normal body secretions including
saliva, breast milk, and respiratory secretions. The secretory component
protects these antibodies against degradation by enzymes in secretions.
5. Which antibody initially indicates a typical primary immune
response?
A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM
Correct Answer: D) IgM
Rationale: During a primary immune response, IgM is produced first, followed
by IgG against the same antigen. This is a fundamental concept in
immunology and helps differentiate primary from secondary immune
responses.
, 6. An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous
membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which
immunoglobulin antibody?
Correct Answer: IgA
Rationale: IgA molecules found in bodily secretions are dimers anchored
together through a J-chain and secretory piece. This secretory piece protects
these immunoglobulin antibodies against degradation by enzymes found in
secretions, decreasing the risk of infections in mucous membranes.
7. When a person is exposed to most antigens, antibodies can usually
be detected in circulation within:
A) 12 hours
B) 24 hours
C) 3 days
D) 6 days
Correct Answer: C) 3 days
Fluid & Electrolyte Balance
8. Which type of pleural effusion involves watery fluid that diffuses
out of capillaries as a result of increased blood pressure or decreased
capillary oncotic pressure?
A) Exudative
B) Purulent
C) Transudative
D) Large
Latest / NUR 631 Advanced Health
Assessment Newest Midterm Exam Prep
Questions and Correct Answers (MOST
RECENT) GRADED A+
SECTION 1: ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY &
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Cellular Physiology & Membrane Transport
1. Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering
cells across the plasma membrane?
A) Carbohydrate chains
B) Glycoprotein channels
C) Membrane channel proteins
D) Lipid bilayer
Correct Answer: D) Lipid bilayer
Rationale: The lipid bilayer is hydrophobic in its interior, which prevents
water-soluble (hydrophilic) molecules from freely crossing the membrane.
This property maintains the selective permeability of the cell membrane and
allows cells to control their internal environment.
, 2. What must polar charged molecules use to cross the bilayer?
A) Simple diffusion
B) Osmosis
C) Carriers, proteins, or pumps
D) Vesicular transport
Correct Answer: C) Carriers, proteins, or pumps
Rationale: Polar and charged molecules cannot diffuse directly through the
hydrophobic lipid bilayer. They require specific transport mechanisms
including carrier proteins, channel proteins, or active transport pumps to
facilitate their movement across the membrane.
3. What is a GLUT protein transporter to transport glucose an example
of?
A) Active transport
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Primary active transport
D) Secondary active transport
Correct Answer: B) Facilitated diffusion
Rationale: GLUT (glucose transporter) proteins facilitate the movement of
glucose across the cell membrane down its concentration gradient without
the expenditure of ATP. This is the definition of facilitated diffusion.
Immunology
, 4. Which immunoglobulin is present in blood, saliva, breast milk, and
respiratory secretions?
A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM
Correct Answer: A) IgA
Rationale: IgA can be divided into two subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2. IgA1
molecules are predominantly found in the blood, whereas IgA2 is the
predominant class of antibody found in normal body secretions including
saliva, breast milk, and respiratory secretions. The secretory component
protects these antibodies against degradation by enzymes in secretions.
5. Which antibody initially indicates a typical primary immune
response?
A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM
Correct Answer: D) IgM
Rationale: During a primary immune response, IgM is produced first, followed
by IgG against the same antigen. This is a fundamental concept in
immunology and helps differentiate primary from secondary immune
responses.
, 6. An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous
membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which
immunoglobulin antibody?
Correct Answer: IgA
Rationale: IgA molecules found in bodily secretions are dimers anchored
together through a J-chain and secretory piece. This secretory piece protects
these immunoglobulin antibodies against degradation by enzymes found in
secretions, decreasing the risk of infections in mucous membranes.
7. When a person is exposed to most antigens, antibodies can usually
be detected in circulation within:
A) 12 hours
B) 24 hours
C) 3 days
D) 6 days
Correct Answer: C) 3 days
Fluid & Electrolyte Balance
8. Which type of pleural effusion involves watery fluid that diffuses
out of capillaries as a result of increased blood pressure or decreased
capillary oncotic pressure?
A) Exudative
B) Purulent
C) Transudative
D) Large
