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NUR 155 – FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING Midterm Review Guide |
Latest Fall 2026 Questions with Detailed Rationales
Question 1
Which of the following is the correct order of the nursing
process?
A. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation
D. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Evaluation, Implementation
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process follows ADPIE: Assessment,
Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
Question 2
A nurse is collecting data. Which of the following is subjective
data?
A. Temperature 100.2°F
B. Client reports nausea
C. Heart rate 88 bpm
D. Crackles on auscultation
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data are symptoms reported by the client,
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such as nausea, pain, and dizziness. Objective data are
measurable.
Question 3
Which of the following is an example of an independent nursing
intervention?
A. Administering IV antibiotics
B. Repositioning a client every 2 hours
C. Inserting a urinary catheter
D. Drawing blood for cultures
Answer: B
Rationale: Independent interventions are nurse-initiated
actions, such as repositioning, hygiene, and teaching. The
others require provider orders.
Question 4
A nurse is writing a SMART goal. Which of the following is
correct?
A. The client will feel better soon.
B. The client will ambulate 50 feet by the end of the shift.
C. The client will improve mobility.
D. The client will be encouraged to walk.
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Answer: B
Rationale: SMART goals are Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Relevant, and Time-bound.
Question 5
Which of the following is an example of a cue that requires
immediate attention?
A. Client reports mild thirst
B. Oxygen saturation drops from 96% to 85%
C. Temperature 99°F
D. Client asks for a blanket
Answer: B
Rationale: A significant drop in oxygen saturation indicates
hypoxemia and requires immediate assessment and
intervention.
Question 6
A nurse is using SBAR to communicate with a provider. Which
statement is part of the "S" (Situation)?
A. The client's medical history
B. A brief statement of the current problem
C. The nurse's recommendation
D. Recent vital signs
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Answer: B
Rationale: SBAR: Situation = brief statement of problem;
Background = relevant history; Assessment = nurse's
assessment; Recommendation = suggested action.
Question 7
Which of the following is a therapeutic communication
technique?
A. Giving advice
B. Active listening and open-ended questions
C. Asking "why" questions
D. Changing the subject
Answer: B
Rationale: Active listening and open-ended questions promote
therapeutic communication. Giving advice and "why" questions
are nontherapeutic.
Question 8
A client says, "I don't want to take my medication." Which
response is most therapeutic?
A. "You have to take it."
B. "Can you tell me more about why you don't want to take it?"
NUR 155 – FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING Midterm Review Guide |
Latest Fall 2026 Questions with Detailed Rationales
Question 1
Which of the following is the correct order of the nursing
process?
A. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation
D. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Evaluation, Implementation
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process follows ADPIE: Assessment,
Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
Question 2
A nurse is collecting data. Which of the following is subjective
data?
A. Temperature 100.2°F
B. Client reports nausea
C. Heart rate 88 bpm
D. Crackles on auscultation
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data are symptoms reported by the client,
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such as nausea, pain, and dizziness. Objective data are
measurable.
Question 3
Which of the following is an example of an independent nursing
intervention?
A. Administering IV antibiotics
B. Repositioning a client every 2 hours
C. Inserting a urinary catheter
D. Drawing blood for cultures
Answer: B
Rationale: Independent interventions are nurse-initiated
actions, such as repositioning, hygiene, and teaching. The
others require provider orders.
Question 4
A nurse is writing a SMART goal. Which of the following is
correct?
A. The client will feel better soon.
B. The client will ambulate 50 feet by the end of the shift.
C. The client will improve mobility.
D. The client will be encouraged to walk.
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Answer: B
Rationale: SMART goals are Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Relevant, and Time-bound.
Question 5
Which of the following is an example of a cue that requires
immediate attention?
A. Client reports mild thirst
B. Oxygen saturation drops from 96% to 85%
C. Temperature 99°F
D. Client asks for a blanket
Answer: B
Rationale: A significant drop in oxygen saturation indicates
hypoxemia and requires immediate assessment and
intervention.
Question 6
A nurse is using SBAR to communicate with a provider. Which
statement is part of the "S" (Situation)?
A. The client's medical history
B. A brief statement of the current problem
C. The nurse's recommendation
D. Recent vital signs
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Answer: B
Rationale: SBAR: Situation = brief statement of problem;
Background = relevant history; Assessment = nurse's
assessment; Recommendation = suggested action.
Question 7
Which of the following is a therapeutic communication
technique?
A. Giving advice
B. Active listening and open-ended questions
C. Asking "why" questions
D. Changing the subject
Answer: B
Rationale: Active listening and open-ended questions promote
therapeutic communication. Giving advice and "why" questions
are nontherapeutic.
Question 8
A client says, "I don't want to take my medication." Which
response is most therapeutic?
A. "You have to take it."
B. "Can you tell me more about why you don't want to take it?"
