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Question 1: Campaign Organisations and Pressure Groups
1. Based on your understanding of what are campaigning organisation and pressure groups,
identify FIVE organisations which participated in the 30 June 2026 Nationwide Protest against
illegal immigration in South Africa and categorise them as either campaigning organisation or
pressure group based on their mandate: You will have to conduct additional research to
understand the mandate of each organisation to categorise it appropriately.
Name of the Pressure Group / Campaign
Mandate
Organisation Organisation and Justification
Campaign Organisation — This is
a campaign organisation because its
A civic movement leading the primary purpose is to mobilise the
campaign against irregular public around a specific, single-issue
migration, advocating for stricter agenda: ending irregular migration
enforcement of immigration laws (Lebjane 2026). Its actions include
and the repatriation of organising protests, engaging in
March and undocumented immigrants lobbying efforts with political
March (Lebjane 2026). Its leadership has parties and municipalities, and
stated the movement is focused on planning public reporting campaigns
the strain undocumented migration to influence policy on this issue
places on resources such as (Lebjane 2026). It is a citizen-led
schools, hospitals, and the job movement, with its leadership
market (Makhafola 2026). explicitly positioning it as a civic
movement rather than a vigilante
group (Nkanjeni 2026).
Campaign Organisation —
Operation Dudula shares
Founded in 2021, Operation characteristics with a campaign
Dudula is a citizen group that has organisation. Its original and
framed its campaign as a response ongoing primary focus is a single
to state failure in managing issue: the perceived negative impact
Operation migration and its impact on South of undocumented immigrants on
Dudula African communities (Bhengu South African society (Bhengu
2022). It has since become a 2022). Although it has transformed
registered political party contesting into a political party, its
municipal elections (Maphanga participation in the June 30 protests
2024). was as a mobilising force for this
specific campaign. Its actions, such
as conducting "blitz operations"
Question 1: Campaign Organisations and Pressure Groups
1. Based on your understanding of what are campaigning organisation and pressure groups,
identify FIVE organisations which participated in the 30 June 2026 Nationwide Protest against
illegal immigration in South Africa and categorise them as either campaigning organisation or
pressure group based on their mandate: You will have to conduct additional research to
understand the mandate of each organisation to categorise it appropriately.
Name of the Pressure Group / Campaign
Mandate
Organisation Organisation and Justification
Campaign Organisation — This is
a campaign organisation because its
A civic movement leading the primary purpose is to mobilise the
campaign against irregular public around a specific, single-issue
migration, advocating for stricter agenda: ending irregular migration
enforcement of immigration laws (Lebjane 2026). Its actions include
and the repatriation of organising protests, engaging in
March and undocumented immigrants lobbying efforts with political
March (Lebjane 2026). Its leadership has parties and municipalities, and
stated the movement is focused on planning public reporting campaigns
the strain undocumented migration to influence policy on this issue
places on resources such as (Lebjane 2026). It is a citizen-led
schools, hospitals, and the job movement, with its leadership
market (Makhafola 2026). explicitly positioning it as a civic
movement rather than a vigilante
group (Nkanjeni 2026).
Campaign Organisation —
Operation Dudula shares
Founded in 2021, Operation characteristics with a campaign
Dudula is a citizen group that has organisation. Its original and
framed its campaign as a response ongoing primary focus is a single
to state failure in managing issue: the perceived negative impact
Operation migration and its impact on South of undocumented immigrants on
Dudula African communities (Bhengu South African society (Bhengu
2022). It has since become a 2022). Although it has transformed
registered political party contesting into a political party, its
municipal elections (Maphanga participation in the June 30 protests
2024). was as a mobilising force for this
specific campaign. Its actions, such
as conducting "blitz operations"
