4003 Variations Questions and
Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee
Pass Complete A+ Guide
1. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who has gained 5 lb
(2.3 kg) in 3 days. This finding is most consistent with:
A) Dehydration
B) Fluid volume excess
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid weight gain is a reliable indicator of fluid retention and
volume overload in heart failure patients. Each kilogram of weight gain
represents approximately 1 liter of fluid retention .
2. A client with SIADH presents with hyponatremia. The primary
mechanism of this electrolyte disturbance is:
, A) Sodium loss in urine
B) Free water retention due to excess ADH
C) Sodium shifting into cells
D) Decreased oral sodium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone)
causes excess ADH, leading to water retention and dilutional
hyponatremia .
3. Which laboratory finding is most consistent with hypovolemia?
A) Increased urine output
B) Elevated hematocrit
C) Decreased BUN
,
D) Decreased serum osmolality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In hypovolemia, hematocrit is elevated due to
hemoconcentration from decreased plasma volume. BUN is typically
elevated, not decreased .
4. Examples of insensible fluid loss include:
A) Urine output
B) Diarrhea
C) Breathing and sweating
D) Wound drainage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insensible fluid loss occurs through breathing (respiratory)
and sweating (cutaneous) and is not easily measured or perceived. These
losses account for approximately 600-900 mL/day .
, 5. Intracellular fluid constitutes approximately what percentage of body
weight?
A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intracellular fluid is the fluid within cells and constitutes
approximately 40% of total body weight. Extracellular fluid constitutes
approximately 20% of body weight .
6. Which statement is true regarding extracellular fluid?
A) It constitutes 40% of body weight
B) Interstitial and intravascular are the two types of extracellular fluid
Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee
Pass Complete A+ Guide
1. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who has gained 5 lb
(2.3 kg) in 3 days. This finding is most consistent with:
A) Dehydration
B) Fluid volume excess
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid weight gain is a reliable indicator of fluid retention and
volume overload in heart failure patients. Each kilogram of weight gain
represents approximately 1 liter of fluid retention .
2. A client with SIADH presents with hyponatremia. The primary
mechanism of this electrolyte disturbance is:
, A) Sodium loss in urine
B) Free water retention due to excess ADH
C) Sodium shifting into cells
D) Decreased oral sodium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone)
causes excess ADH, leading to water retention and dilutional
hyponatremia .
3. Which laboratory finding is most consistent with hypovolemia?
A) Increased urine output
B) Elevated hematocrit
C) Decreased BUN
,
D) Decreased serum osmolality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In hypovolemia, hematocrit is elevated due to
hemoconcentration from decreased plasma volume. BUN is typically
elevated, not decreased .
4. Examples of insensible fluid loss include:
A) Urine output
B) Diarrhea
C) Breathing and sweating
D) Wound drainage
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insensible fluid loss occurs through breathing (respiratory)
and sweating (cutaneous) and is not easily measured or perceived. These
losses account for approximately 600-900 mL/day .
, 5. Intracellular fluid constitutes approximately what percentage of body
weight?
A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intracellular fluid is the fluid within cells and constitutes
approximately 40% of total body weight. Extracellular fluid constitutes
approximately 20% of body weight .
6. Which statement is true regarding extracellular fluid?
A) It constitutes 40% of body weight
B) Interstitial and intravascular are the two types of extracellular fluid
