BSN HESI 266 Med Surg Exam 1 (Latest )
Questions & Correct Answers With Rationales, 100%
Guaranteed Pass || Complete A+ Guide – Nightingale
Question 1
College
What discharge instruction is most important for a client after a kidney transplant?
a) Weigh weekly.
b) Report symptoms of secondary Candidiasis.
c) Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressants.
d) Stop cigarette smoking.
ANSWER: Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressants.
Rationale
After a renal transplantation, acute rejection is a high risk for several months. The organ
recipient will have to take immunosuppressive therapy for the rest of their lives, such as
corticosteroids and azathioprine, to prevent organ transplant rejection. Discharge instructions
include measures, such as daily reminders, to ensure the client takes these medications
regularly to prevent organ rejection from occurring.
Question 2
When teaching diaphragmatic breathing to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), which information should the nurse provide?
a) Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while inhaling deeply.
b) Purse the lips while inhaling as deeply as possible and then exhale through the nose.
c) Wrap a towel around the abdomen and push against the towel while forcefully exhaling.
d) Place one hand on the chest, one hand on the abdomen, and make both hands move
outward.
ANSWER: Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while inhaling
deeply.
Rationale
Diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing uses the diaphragm instead of accessory muscles to
achieve maximum inhalation and slow the respiratory rate. The client should protrude the
abdomen on inhalation and contract it with exhalation, so placing a book or magazine, helps
the client visualize the rise and fall of the abdomen.
Question 3
A client taking furosemide, reports difficulty sleeping. Which question is important for
the nurse to ask the client?
,a) "What dose of medication are you taking?"
b) "Are you eating foods rich in potassium?"
c) "Have you lost weight recently?"
d) "At what time do you take your medication?"
ANSWER: "At what time do you take your medication?"
Rationale
The nurse needs to first determine at what time of day the client takes the diuretic. Because of
the diuretic effect, clients should take the medication in the morning to prevent nocturia
which may be the reason for the sleep difficulties.
Question 4
The nurse working in a postoperative surgical clinic is assessing a woman who had a left
radical mastectomy for breast cancer. Which factor puts this client at greatest risk for
developing lymphedema?
a) She sustained an insect bite to her left arm yesterday.
b) She has lost twenty pounds since the surgery.
c) Her healthcare provider now prescribes a calcium channel blocker for hypertension.
d) Her hobby is playing classical music on the piano.
ANSWER: She sustained an insect bite to her left arm yesterday.
Rationale
A radical mastectomy interrupts lymph flow, and the increased lymph flow that occurs in
response to the insect bite increases the risk for the occurrence of lymphedema.
Question 5
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision
problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The
nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted with which color?
a) Black.
b) White.
c) Light green.
d) Medium yellow.
ANSWER: Medium yellow.
Rationale
The color yellow is the easiest for a person with failing vision to see.
Yes. I’ll keep the same structure and wording style as the extracted pages: question → a–
d options → ANSWER immediately after the options → Rationale underneath, with the
rationale in italic formatting.
,Question 6
A client who has undergone a kidney transplant is receiving tacrolimus. Which finding
should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
a) Mild headache.
b) Blood pressure of 168/96 mm Hg.
c) Increased appetite.
d) Occasional fatigue.
ANSWER: Blood pressure of 168/96 mm Hg.
Rationale
Tacrolimus can cause nephrotoxicity and hypertension. Significant elevation in blood
pressure should be evaluated promptly in a kidney transplant recipient.
Question 7
A nurse is teaching a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about
pursed-lip breathing. Which client statement indicates correct understanding?
a) "I will inhale through pursed lips."
b) "I will hold my breath after inhaling."
c) "I will inhale through my nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips."
d) "I will breathe as rapidly as possible during activity."
ANSWER: "I will inhale through my nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips."
Rationale
Pursed-lip breathing promotes prolonged exhalation, helps prevent airway collapse, and can
reduce air trapping in clients with COPD.
Question 8
A client taking furosemide reports muscle weakness and leg cramps. Which laboratory result
should the nurse assess first?
a) Sodium 140 mEq/L.
b) Potassium 2.9 mEq/L.
c) Calcium 9.4 mg/dL.
d) Magnesium 2.0 mg/dL.
ANSWER: Potassium 2.9 mEq/L.
, Rationale
Furosemide promotes potassium excretion. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness,
cramping, and potentially dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
Question 9
A client has undergone a left radical mastectomy. Which action should the nurse teach the
client to avoid on the affected arm?
a) Performing prescribed range-of-motion exercises.
b) Wearing loose-fitting clothing.
c) Having blood pressure measured on the affected arm.
d) Inspecting the arm daily for skin changes.
ANSWER: Having blood pressure measured on the affected arm.
Rationale
A radical mastectomy can disrupt lymphatic drainage. Avoiding unnecessary compression or
trauma to the affected arm helps reduce the risk of lymphedema.
Question 10
An older adult with impaired vision is being taught strategies to prevent falls at home. Which
intervention is most appropriate?
a) Use dim lighting during nighttime hours.
b) Remove loose rugs and electrical cords from walking areas.
c) Keep furniture close together to provide support.
d) Paint all walls a dark color.
ANSWER: Remove loose rugs and electrical cords from walking areas.
Rationale
Removing environmental hazards decreases the risk of falls in older adults with visual
impairment.
Question 11
A client taking a thiazide diuretic has a potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. Which food should the
nurse recommend?
Questions & Correct Answers With Rationales, 100%
Guaranteed Pass || Complete A+ Guide – Nightingale
Question 1
College
What discharge instruction is most important for a client after a kidney transplant?
a) Weigh weekly.
b) Report symptoms of secondary Candidiasis.
c) Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressants.
d) Stop cigarette smoking.
ANSWER: Use daily reminders to take immunosuppressants.
Rationale
After a renal transplantation, acute rejection is a high risk for several months. The organ
recipient will have to take immunosuppressive therapy for the rest of their lives, such as
corticosteroids and azathioprine, to prevent organ transplant rejection. Discharge instructions
include measures, such as daily reminders, to ensure the client takes these medications
regularly to prevent organ rejection from occurring.
Question 2
When teaching diaphragmatic breathing to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), which information should the nurse provide?
a) Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while inhaling deeply.
b) Purse the lips while inhaling as deeply as possible and then exhale through the nose.
c) Wrap a towel around the abdomen and push against the towel while forcefully exhaling.
d) Place one hand on the chest, one hand on the abdomen, and make both hands move
outward.
ANSWER: Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while inhaling
deeply.
Rationale
Diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing uses the diaphragm instead of accessory muscles to
achieve maximum inhalation and slow the respiratory rate. The client should protrude the
abdomen on inhalation and contract it with exhalation, so placing a book or magazine, helps
the client visualize the rise and fall of the abdomen.
Question 3
A client taking furosemide, reports difficulty sleeping. Which question is important for
the nurse to ask the client?
,a) "What dose of medication are you taking?"
b) "Are you eating foods rich in potassium?"
c) "Have you lost weight recently?"
d) "At what time do you take your medication?"
ANSWER: "At what time do you take your medication?"
Rationale
The nurse needs to first determine at what time of day the client takes the diuretic. Because of
the diuretic effect, clients should take the medication in the morning to prevent nocturia
which may be the reason for the sleep difficulties.
Question 4
The nurse working in a postoperative surgical clinic is assessing a woman who had a left
radical mastectomy for breast cancer. Which factor puts this client at greatest risk for
developing lymphedema?
a) She sustained an insect bite to her left arm yesterday.
b) She has lost twenty pounds since the surgery.
c) Her healthcare provider now prescribes a calcium channel blocker for hypertension.
d) Her hobby is playing classical music on the piano.
ANSWER: She sustained an insect bite to her left arm yesterday.
Rationale
A radical mastectomy interrupts lymph flow, and the increased lymph flow that occurs in
response to the insect bite increases the risk for the occurrence of lymphedema.
Question 5
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision
problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The
nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted with which color?
a) Black.
b) White.
c) Light green.
d) Medium yellow.
ANSWER: Medium yellow.
Rationale
The color yellow is the easiest for a person with failing vision to see.
Yes. I’ll keep the same structure and wording style as the extracted pages: question → a–
d options → ANSWER immediately after the options → Rationale underneath, with the
rationale in italic formatting.
,Question 6
A client who has undergone a kidney transplant is receiving tacrolimus. Which finding
should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
a) Mild headache.
b) Blood pressure of 168/96 mm Hg.
c) Increased appetite.
d) Occasional fatigue.
ANSWER: Blood pressure of 168/96 mm Hg.
Rationale
Tacrolimus can cause nephrotoxicity and hypertension. Significant elevation in blood
pressure should be evaluated promptly in a kidney transplant recipient.
Question 7
A nurse is teaching a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about
pursed-lip breathing. Which client statement indicates correct understanding?
a) "I will inhale through pursed lips."
b) "I will hold my breath after inhaling."
c) "I will inhale through my nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips."
d) "I will breathe as rapidly as possible during activity."
ANSWER: "I will inhale through my nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips."
Rationale
Pursed-lip breathing promotes prolonged exhalation, helps prevent airway collapse, and can
reduce air trapping in clients with COPD.
Question 8
A client taking furosemide reports muscle weakness and leg cramps. Which laboratory result
should the nurse assess first?
a) Sodium 140 mEq/L.
b) Potassium 2.9 mEq/L.
c) Calcium 9.4 mg/dL.
d) Magnesium 2.0 mg/dL.
ANSWER: Potassium 2.9 mEq/L.
, Rationale
Furosemide promotes potassium excretion. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness,
cramping, and potentially dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
Question 9
A client has undergone a left radical mastectomy. Which action should the nurse teach the
client to avoid on the affected arm?
a) Performing prescribed range-of-motion exercises.
b) Wearing loose-fitting clothing.
c) Having blood pressure measured on the affected arm.
d) Inspecting the arm daily for skin changes.
ANSWER: Having blood pressure measured on the affected arm.
Rationale
A radical mastectomy can disrupt lymphatic drainage. Avoiding unnecessary compression or
trauma to the affected arm helps reduce the risk of lymphedema.
Question 10
An older adult with impaired vision is being taught strategies to prevent falls at home. Which
intervention is most appropriate?
a) Use dim lighting during nighttime hours.
b) Remove loose rugs and electrical cords from walking areas.
c) Keep furniture close together to provide support.
d) Paint all walls a dark color.
ANSWER: Remove loose rugs and electrical cords from walking areas.
Rationale
Removing environmental hazards decreases the risk of falls in older adults with visual
impairment.
Question 11
A client taking a thiazide diuretic has a potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. Which food should the
nurse recommend?
